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Anastasia Romanov

Anastasia Romanov was the youngest daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, the last emperor of Russia, and Empress Alexandra.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Anastasia Romanov was the youngest daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, the last emperor of Russia, and Empress Alexandra. A member of the Russian imperial family, she died with her family during the Bolshevik execution of the Romanovs in 1918. For decades, her fate was the subject of rumours and impostor claims, later resolved by forensic and DNA evidence.

Early life

Anastasia Nikolaevna Romanova was born on 18 June 1901 in Peterhof, near St. Petersburg, Russian Empire, to Nicholas II and Alexandra Feodorovna. She was the youngest of the five children in the last imperial family of Russia.

Romanov execution

Following the Russian Revolution, the imperial family was held under guard and later executed in Yekaterinburg, Russian SFSR, on 17 July 1918. Anastasia died with her parents, siblings, and household members during the Bolshevik execution of the Romanovs.

Survival rumours and identification

For much of the 20th century, stories circulated that Anastasia had escaped the execution. Later examination of remains and DNA testing identified her remains and confirmed that she did not survive the execution.

Legacy

Anastasia became a lasting historical and cultural figure because of the survival mystery surrounding her death. Her story has inspired books, films, and other works about the fall of the Romanovs.

Key facts

  • Anastasia was the youngest daughter of Nicholas II, the last emperor of Russia.
  • She was born in 1901 at Peterhof near St. Petersburg and executed with her family in 1918.
  • Rumours of her survival persisted for decades.
  • Forensic and DNA evidence later identified her remains and resolved the mystery.
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Canadian context

Anastasia Romanov is a well-known historical figure in Canadian schools and popular history discussions because of the Romanov mystery and the broader history of the Russian Revolution. Canadian audiences are also familiar with her through books, documentaries, and the animated film inspired by her legend.

Frequently asked questions

Who was Anastasia Romanov?
She was the youngest daughter of Tsar Nicholas II and Empress Alexandra, and a grand duchess of Russia.
When was Anastasia Romanov born?
She was born on 18 June 1901 in Peterhof, near St. Petersburg.
How did Anastasia Romanov die?
She was executed with her family by Bolsheviks in Yekaterinburg in July 1918.
Did Anastasia Romanov survive?
No. Later forensic and DNA evidence identified her remains and confirmed that she died in 1918.
Why is Anastasia Romanov famous?
She is known both as a member of the last Russian imperial family and for the long-running mystery about whether she had survived the Romanov execution.

References

  1. Biography.comhttps://www.biography.com/royalty/anastasia-romanov
    Supports: Birth date and place; execution date; later forensic and DNA identification; survival rumours
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/biography/Anastasia-Russian-grand-duchess
    Supports: Identity as youngest daughter of Nicholas II; title; birth and death details; execution by Bolsheviks
  3. Britannica Kidshttps://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Anastasia/309838
    Supports: Family relationship; survival rumours; DNA identification of remains