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Arnica

Arnica is a genus of perennial herbaceous plants in the family Asteraceae, best known for species such as *Arnica montana*.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Arnica is a genus of perennial herbaceous plants in the family Asteraceae. The genus includes about 30 species, many of which are native to mountainous regions of northwestern North America and Europe. Arnica species are also used in traditional and commercial herbal products, especially topical preparations.

Taxonomy

Arnica is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, the same family as daisies, marigolds, and chamomile. The genus includes about 30 species, with *Arnica montana* being the best known.

Description

Arnica species are perennial herbaceous plants, generally 10–70 cm in height. Flower heads are yellow or orange, and the plants are typically associated with alpine or mountainous habitats.

Distribution and habitat

The genus is concentrated in mountainous areas of northwestern North America. Some species also occur in Europe and parts of Asia, including regions of central and northern Europe.

Uses and safety

Arnica has a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine, particularly in topical preparations. The plant contains toxic compounds and internal use can be unsafe.

Key facts

  • Arnica is a genus in the daisy family Asteraceae.
  • Most arnica species are perennial herbs.
  • The genus contains roughly 30 species.
  • *Arnica montana* is the best-known species.
  • Arnica has a long history in traditional medicine for topical products.
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Canadian context

Arnica species occur in North America, including Canada, and the plant is familiar to Canadian readers through both native flora and commercial herbal products.

Frequently asked questions

What is arnica?
Arnica is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, made up of perennial herbs.
How many species of arnica are there?
Sources describe the genus as containing about 30 species.
Where does arnica grow naturally?
Arnica species occur mainly in mountainous regions of northwestern North America, with some species in Europe and Asia.
What is the best-known arnica species?
*Arnica montana* is the best-known species and is commonly used in herbal products.
Is arnica poisonous?
Arnica contains toxic compounds and can be unsafe if consumed internally; topical products are the most common form of use.

References

  1. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/plant/arnica
    Supports: Genus classification, approximate species count, plant family, general distribution, perennial herb description.
  2. Cleveland Clinichttps://health.clevelandclinic.org/arnica
    Supports: General description, traditional and modern topical uses, toxicity and safety concerns.
  3. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centerhttps://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/integrative-medicine/herbs/arnica
    Supports: Plant family, geographic occurrence, historical medicinal use, common preparations, bruises and sprains use.
  4. U.S. Forest Servicehttps://www.fs.usda.gov/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/arnica_cordifolia.shtml
    Supports: Botanical characteristics of arnica species in North America, including leaf and fruit traits.