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July 26, 2026Sources cited
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Book

A book is a written, printed, or digital work of substantial length that is usually bound or otherwise packaged for reading.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

A book is a written, printed, or digital work of substantial length that is usually bound or otherwise packaged for reading. In common use, the term also refers to the physical object containing the text, and it can describe divisions of longer works or other record-keeping uses in specialized contexts. Books have long served as a durable medium for preserving and transmitting knowledge, literature, and information.

Definition and physical form

A book is generally a long written or printed work that is bound or packaged for reading, most often as a codex with pages and a cover. Modern usage also includes digital books and other electronically delivered texts. Books may be printed on paper or published in electronic form as ebooks.

Historical and publishing context

Books have long served as a durable medium for preserving and transmitting knowledge, literature, and information. In publishing statistics, international bodies have sometimes used page-count thresholds to distinguish books from shorter printed works. UNESCO’s statistical definition of a book is a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, excluding covers.

The term "book" has several related senses beyond a literary work. In business contexts, "books" can mean financial records or official records. The word is also used as a verb meaning to reserve something or to register information in an official record.

Classification by content

Books are commonly grouped into fiction and nonfiction, and they also include reference works, textbooks, manuals, and other forms of informational or artistic writing. The term can cover both standalone works and parts of larger works, such as the books of the Bible.

Key facts

  • A book is a written, printed, or digital work of substantial length, usually bound or assembled for reading.
  • Books may be printed on paper or published as ebooks.
  • UNESCO defines a book statistically as a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, excluding covers.
  • The word also refers to financial records in business or major divisions of long works.
  • Books are classified into fiction, nonfiction, reference, and other categories.
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Canadian context

Books are a core part of Canadian publishing, education, libraries, and literary culture, and Canadian readers encounter the term in both everyday reading and formal publishing statistics.

Frequently asked questions

What is a book?
A book is a written, printed, or digital work of substantial length, usually bound or assembled for reading.
Can a book be electronic?
Yes. Standard dictionary definitions include ebooks as books in electronic form.
What is the difference between a book and a volume?
A volume is a physical or formal unit of a work; a book can mean either the work itself or one major division of a longer work.
What does “the books” mean in business?
In business, “the books” refers to financial records or official records kept by an organization.
How is a book defined for statistics?
UNESCO has used a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, excluding covers, as a statistical definition.

References

  1. Merriam-Websterhttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/book
    Supports: Definitions of book as a written work, bound pages, a long composition, financial records, standards, and the verb forms meaning to reserve or register.
  2. Wikipediahttps://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book
    Supports: General description of books as written works, physical objects, fiction/nonfiction categories, and modern forms including ebooks.
  3. Britannica Dictionaryhttps://www.britannica.com/dictionary/book
    Supports: Definitions of book as a printed written work, e-book, set of pages in a cover, and financial records.
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/topic/book-publication
    Supports: Book as a published work of literature or scholarship and UNESCO statistical definition.
  5. Cambridge Dictionaryhttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/book
    Supports: Definitions of book as a text in print or electronic form, physical pages in a cover, and verb senses such as reserving.