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Boomslang

The boomslang (*Dispholidus typus*) is a highly venomous snake native to sub-Saharan Africa.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The boomslang (*Dispholidus typus*) is a highly venomous snake native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is the only species in the genus *Dispholidus* and is known for its tree-dwelling habits, rear-fanged anatomy, and medically significant venom.

Taxonomy and naming

The boomslang is the only species in the genus *Dispholidus*, with the scientific name *Dispholidus typus*. Its common name derives from Afrikaans and Dutch, where "boomslang" means "tree snake," a reference to its arboreal lifestyle.

Description

The boomslang is a slender, tree-dwelling snake with large eyes and a blunt head that is distinct from the neck. Adults typically reach lengths of about 1 to 2 metres.

Behaviour and habitat

The species is mainly arboreal, but it may come to the ground to feed or bask. It occurs across sub-Saharan Africa in a wide range of habitats, including savannas, woodlands, forests, grassland, shrubs, and fynbos. The boomslang is generally classified as Least Concern by the IUCN Red List.

Diet and venom

Boomslangs feed on small vertebrates and eggs, including lizards, frogs, birds, and rodents. Their venom is haemotoxic, meaning it disrupts blood clotting and can cause dangerous internal bleeding. The venom can be fatal to humans if untreated, requiring prompt medical attention.

Key facts

  • The boomslang is a rear-fanged venomous snake, with fangs at the back of the upper jaw.
  • Its name means "tree snake" in Afrikaans and Dutch, reflecting its arboreal habits.
  • The species is native to sub-Saharan Africa and inhabits a variety of ecosystems.
  • Boomslang venom is haemotoxic and interferes with blood clotting, posing a risk to humans.
  • The IUCN Red List classifies the boomslang as Least Concern.

Frequently asked questions

What is a boomslang?
A boomslang is a venomous snake species, *Dispholidus typus*, native to sub-Saharan Africa.
Why is it called a boomslang?
The name means "tree snake" in Afrikaans and Dutch, reflecting its arboreal habits.
Is the boomslang dangerous to humans?
Yes. It is one of the few colubrid snakes regarded as dangerous to humans because its venom can cause severe bleeding and may be fatal without treatment.
What does boomslang venom do?
Its venom is haemotoxic and interferes with blood coagulation, which can lead to internal bleeding.
Where does the boomslang live?
It lives in sub-Saharan Africa and is usually found in trees and shrubs, including savannas, forests, grassland, and fynbos.
What does the boomslang eat?
Its diet includes lizards, frogs, birds, eggs, rodents, and other small animals.

References

  1. South African National Biodiversity Institute — https://www.sanbi.org/gardens/harold-porter/birds/boomslang/
    Supports: Genus has one species; meaning of name; arboreal habitat; size; native range; habitat types.
  2. Animalia — https://animalia.bio/boomslang
    Supports: Scientific name; family; native range; conservation status.
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica — https://www.britannica.com/animal/boomslang
    Supports: Taxonomy; size; distribution; dangerous venom; human risk.
  4. Britannica Kids — https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/boomslang/606848
    Supports: Meaning of name; family; habitat; diet; venom effects.
  5. A-Z Animals — https://www.a-z-animals.com/animals/boomslang/
    Supports: Rear-fanged anatomy; diet; common name meaning.