Bufflehead

The Bufflehead (*Bucephala albeola*) is a small North American diving duck in the family Anatidae.

The Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola) is a small North American diving duck in the family Anatidae. It is the smallest diving duck in North America. The species breeds mainly in northern North America, particularly Canada and Alaska, and winters across coastal and inland waters.

Taxonomy and naming

The Bufflehead is a duck species in the genus Bucephala, within the family Anatidae. Its scientific name is Bucephala albeola.

Description

This species is very small for a diving duck and has a distinctive rounded head. Adult males are mostly black and white, with an iridescent green-and-purple head patch; females are gray-brown with a white cheek patch.

Range and habitat

Buffleheads breed across northern North America, with major breeding areas in Canada and Alaska. They breed in boreal forest and aspen parkland regions and use tree cavities, especially old woodpecker holes, for nesting. Winter habitat includes coastal bays, inland lakes, rivers, reservoirs, and other open water habitats.

Behaviour and diet

Buffleheads are active divers that feed below the surface, often making short dives while foraging. Their diet consists of aquatic prey, including invertebrates and other small food items. They commonly nest in cavities, especially those excavated by woodpeckers such as Northern Flickers.