Bur Oak

Bur oak (*Quercus macrocarpa*) is a deciduous oak tree in the white oak group, native to eastern and central North America and parts of central Canada.

Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) is a deciduous oak tree in the white oak group, native to eastern and central North America and parts of central Canada. It is known for its large, fringed acorn cups, thick fire-resistant bark, drought tolerance, and long lifespan. The species is widespread in savannas, prairie edges, woodlands, and bottomlands.

Description

Bur oak is a large deciduous tree with a broad crown, thick bark, and lobed leaves. It typically reaches about 30 m (100 ft) in height, sometimes taller, and can live up to 300 years or more. It is especially recognized by its large acorns with a fringed, burr-like cap.

Distribution and habitat

The species is native to a broad area of North America, from parts of Canada south into the United States. In Canada, it is found from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick west to Manitoba and south through the Canadian prairie region, particularly in southern Ontario and the Prairie provinces. It grows in a range of habitats, including savannas, open woodlands, prairie edges, and moist or dry sites.

Ecology and adaptations

Bur oak is tolerant of drought and periodic fire, helped by its thick bark and ability to grow in open, sunny habitats. These traits make it a characteristic tree of prairie-forest transition zones.

Uses

Bur oak wood is heavy, hard, and durable, and has been used for furniture, flooring, structural materials, and railroad ties. The tree also provides food and habitat for wildlife.