Burbot

The burbot (*Lota lota*) is a cold-water freshwater fish in the cod family, native to the Northern Hemisphere.

The burbot (Lota lota) is a cold-water freshwater fish in the cod family, native to the Northern Hemisphere. It has an elongated body, a single chin barbel, and is known for living in cold lakes and rivers, often near the bottom. It is also notable as the only cod family member that lives solely in freshwater.

Taxonomy and naming

Burbot are scientifically named Lota lota and belong to the cod family, Gadidae. They are also known by several common names, including freshwater cod, eelpout, ling, and cusk.

Physical characteristics

The species has a long body, mottled skin, elongated dorsal and anal fins, and a single barbel on the lower jaw. Although they look scaleless, they actually have very small scales.

Distribution and habitat

Burbot live in cold freshwater habitats across North America, Europe, and Asia, with some sources also noting brackish-water occurrence. They are usually found on the bottoms of deep lakes and cold rivers.

Life history and behaviour

Burbot are slow-growing, long-lived fish that mature relatively late. They spawn in winter and are generally associated with cold water and nocturnal or low-light activity.

Human use and conservation

Burbot are valued as table fish in some regions because of their white meat. Their conservation status varies regionally, with some local populations considered threatened or endangered even though the species is generally listed as least concern.