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Charleston

Charleston is a city in southeastern South Carolina, United States, and the seat of Charleston County.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Charleston is a city in southeastern South Carolina, United States, and the seat of Charleston County. Founded in 1670 as Charles Town, it is known for its historic district, Atlantic port, preserved architecture, and role in U.S. history, including the start of the American Civil War at nearby Fort Sumter.

History

Charleston was founded in 1670 as Charles Town and later moved to its current site in 1680. It became an important colonial port and later played a major role in the Civil War era.

Geography

The city sits on a peninsula between the Ashley and Cooper rivers, facing Charleston Harbor. Its waterfront location has long supported trade and shipping.

Culture and heritage

Charleston is widely associated with preserved historic streetscapes, antebellum architecture, and Gullah cultural heritage. It is also known for arts, dining, and tourism.

Institutions and landmarks

Notable institutions include the College of Charleston and the Charleston Museum, which is commonly described as the oldest museum in the United States. Fort Sumter and the historic downtown remain major landmarks.

Key facts

  • Charleston was founded by English colonists in 1670 and originally called Charles Town.
  • The city moved from Albemarle Point to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680.
  • Charleston is a major Atlantic port and a historic centre of Southern culture.
  • The city’s harbor is associated with the outbreak of the American Civil War at Fort Sumter in 1861.
  • Charleston is known for its historic district, preserved architecture, and landmarks such as the Battery and Rainbow Row.
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Canadian context

Charleston is a major U.S. Atlantic port and tourism destination, so it is relevant to Canadian travellers, cruise passengers, and readers interested in North American colonial and Civil War history.

Frequently asked questions

Where is Charleston located?
Charleston is in southeastern South Carolina on a peninsula between the Ashley and Cooper rivers, facing Charleston Harbor.
When was Charleston founded?
It was founded in 1670 by English colonists as Charles Town.
What is Charleston known for?
It is known for its historic district, port, preserved architecture, and major role in early U.S. history.
Why is Charleston important in Civil War history?
Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor was the site of the first shots of the Civil War in 1861.
What is Charleston’s current population?
The city’s 2020 population was 150,227.

References

  1. City of Charleston — https://www.charleston-sc.gov/2010/History
    Supports: Founding date, original name, move to current location, present name adoption, county seat, and geographic setting
  2. Britannica — https://www.britannica.com/place/Charleston-South-Carolina
    Supports: City location, port status, historic significance, and 2020 population
  3. Britannica — https://www.britannica.com/summary/Charleston-South-Carolina
    Supports: Founded in 1670, Civil War significance, and notable institutions including the College of Charleston and Charleston Museum