Comfrey

Comfrey is a common name for several perennial flowering plants in the genus *Symphytum*, especially *Symphytum officinale* (common comfrey).

Comfrey is a common name for several perennial flowering plants in the genus *Symphytum*, especially *Symphytum officinale* (common comfrey). It is native to parts of Europe and western Asia and is now grown in other regions as an ornamental, medicinal, and garden plant. The plant is also known for its use as a soil improver, but it contains toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids that limit internal use.

Description

Comfrey is a herbaceous perennial with large, hairy leaves and clusters of bell-shaped flowers. It typically grows in clumps and can reach substantial height depending on the species and conditions.

Distribution and habitat

The genus is native to Europe and western Asia, and species are now cultivated or naturalized in other temperate regions. Common comfrey is often found in damp places such as riverbanks, ditches, and roadside verges.

Uses

Comfrey has a long history of topical folk use and is still used in some herbal preparations. Gardeners also use its leaves for composting, mulching, and liquid plant feed because of their nutrient content.

Safety

Comfrey contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which are associated with liver toxicity and other harms when ingested. Canadian health guidance advises against using comfrey internally and limits use to certain topical products.