Datura

Datura is a genus of poisonous flowering plants in the nightshade family, Solanaceae, known for large trumpet-shaped blooms and toxic tropane alkaloids.

Datura is a genus of poisonous flowering plants in the nightshade family (Solanaceae), known for its large, trumpet-shaped blooms and toxic tropane alkaloids. Several species are found worldwide in warm regions and are often called jimsonweed, thornapple, or devil’s trumpet. All parts of the plant can be dangerous if ingested, and some species are used ornamentally or in traditional medicine despite their toxicity. In Canada, datura species may appear as ornamental or weedy plants in gardens, imported plantings, or naturalized sites in milder areas.

Description

Datura species are flowering plants with large, trumpet-shaped blooms and spiny seed capsules. Depending on the species, they may grow as annual herbs, short-lived perennials, or small shrubs.

Toxicity and effects

Datura contains tropane alkaloids that act as anticholinergics. Poisoning can produce agitation, dry mouth, blurred vision, delirium, hallucinations, fever, tachycardia, urinary retention, coma, and death. All parts of the plant are considered highly toxic to humans and many animals.

Identification

Common identifying features include upright trumpet-like flowers, broad leaves, and a rounded or spiny capsule fruit. Many species grow in disturbed habitats such as roadsides, fields, and vacant lots.

Uses and cultural history

Some species have been used in traditional medicine, ritual contexts, and as ornamental plants. Because of their toxicity, these uses can be dangerous and are not considered safe without expert handling.

Related plants

Datura is frequently confused with Brugmansia, a related genus with similar flowers. Brugmansia species are woody and usually have pendent flowers, while Datura species are typically herbaceous and have upright flowers.