Equatorial Guinea

Equatorial Guinea is a country on the west coast of Central Africa and the only Spanish-speaking country in Africa.

Equatorial Guinea is a country on the west coast of Central Africa and the only Spanish-speaking country in Africa. It consists of a mainland region, Río Muni, and several islands in the Gulf of Guinea, with Malabo as its capital. The country gained independence from Spain in 1968 and is officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea.

Geography

Equatorial Guinea includes the continental region of Río Muni and island territories in the Gulf of Guinea. Its main islands include Bioko, where the capital Malabo is located, and Annobón.

History

The area was colonized by Spain as Spanish Guinea and became independent on 12 October 1968. The country's modern name refers to its position near the Equator and in the Guinea region of Africa.

Government and administration

Equatorial Guinea is a republic with a presidential system. Administrative divisions and political power are centered on the capital and key mainland city of Bata.

Demographics and language

The country has a relatively small population for Africa and a majority Fang population. Spanish is the principal official language, reflecting its colonial history.

Economy

Equatorial Guinea is a resource-rich country known especially for oil and natural gas production. Its economy has been shaped strongly by hydrocarbon exports, alongside forests and marine resources.