Ernest Hemingway

Ernest Hemingway was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist known for his spare, understated prose and major influence on 20th-century literature.

Ernest Hemingway was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist known for his spare, understated prose and major influence on 20th-century literature. He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954, and works such as *The Sun Also Rises*, *A Farewell to Arms*, *For Whom the Bell Tolls*, and *The Old Man and the Sea* are among his best known.

Life and career

Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois. He began his writing career as a newspaper writer and later worked as a reporter in Europe. His experiences in World War I and the Spanish Civil War strongly shaped his fiction. He was part of the expatriate American literary community in Paris during the 1920s and later lived and worked in places including Spain, Key West, and Cuba. After returning to the United States, he became a reporter for Canadian and American newspapers. He died on July 2, 1961, in Ketchum, Idaho.

Major works

Among Hemingway’s best-known books are *The Sun Also Rises* (1926), *A Farewell to Arms* (1929), *For Whom the Bell Tolls* (1940), and *The Old Man and the Sea* (1952). His short fiction and nonfiction also contributed to his reputation as a major modern American writer.

Writing style and influence

Hemingway’s prose is noted for its directness, spare dialogue, and understatement, features that influenced later 20th-century writers. His style became closely linked with modern American literary minimalism.

Honours and legacy

Hemingway received the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 for *The Old Man and the Sea* and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. He remains one of the most studied and influential American authors of the 20th century.