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Science & Nature • Reptile

Gecko

Geckos are a diverse group of mostly small, usually nocturnal lizards in the suborder Gekkota.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Geckos are a diverse group of mostly small, usually nocturnal lizards in the suborder Gekkota. They occur in warm regions around the world and are known for their climbing adaptations, varied habitats, and insect-based diets. The group includes nearly 2,000 described species, making geckos one of the most species-rich lizard groups.

Taxonomy and diversity

Geckos belong to the suborder Gekkota and comprise a very large, diverse group of lizards. Sources describe them as numbering more than 1,000 species and nearly 2,000 described species, depending on the classification used.

Appearance and size

Geckos are generally small lizards with soft skin, a short stout body, a large head, and usually well-developed limbs. Reported body lengths range from about 1.6 cm to 67 cm.

Habitat and behaviour

Geckos are found in warm climates worldwide and can live in habitats ranging from deserts to jungles. Many species are nocturnal, and some are common around human settlements.

Diet and ecology

Geckos are mostly carnivorous, with insects making up much of the diet in many species. Their role as insect-eaters makes them ecologically important in controlling insect populations.

Key facts

  • Geckos are lizards in the suborder Gekkota.
  • They are found on every continent except Antarctica.
  • Most geckos are small and nocturnal.
  • Many species feed on insects.
  • Geckos occupy a wide range of habitats, from deserts to tropical forests.
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Canadian context

Geckos are not native to most of Canada’s outdoors because they generally require warm climates, but they are familiar to Canadian readers through the pet trade, zoos, and educational exhibits.

Frequently asked questions

What is a gecko?
A gecko is a lizard in the suborder Gekkota, a large and diverse group of reptiles.
Where do geckos live?
Geckos live in warm regions around the world and on every continent except Antarctica.
What do geckos eat?
Most geckos are carnivorous and commonly eat insects.
Are geckos nocturnal?
Most geckos are nocturnal, meaning they are active at night.
How many species of gecko are there?
Sources report more than 1,000 species, and also nearly 2,000 described species, depending on classification.

References

  1. Wikipedia — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gecko
    Supports: General description, distribution, size range, and species richness.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica — https://www.britannica.com/animal/gecko
    Supports: Taxonomy, general physical traits, habitats, and diet.
  3. Encyclopedia.com — https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/geckos
    Supports: Nocturnal habits, insectivory, size, and vocal ability.