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Golda Meir

Golda Meir (1898–1978) was an Israeli politician and stateswoman who helped found the State of Israel and served as its fourth prime minister from 1969 to 1974.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 27, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Golda Meir (1898–1978) was an Israeli politician and stateswoman who helped found the State of Israel and served as its fourth prime minister from 1969 to 1974. She was the first woman to hold that office and is one of the best-known figures in modern Israeli history.

Early life and immigration

Golda Meir was born in Kyiv in 1898 and moved with her family to the United States in 1906, settling in Milwaukee. In 1921, she and her husband immigrated to Palestine, where she joined the labour-Zionist movement.

Political rise in Israel

After helping build institutions linked to the emerging state, Meir became a signatory of Israel’s declaration of independence in 1948. She later served in the Knesset and held senior cabinet posts, including Minister of Labour and Foreign Minister.

Prime ministership

Meir became prime minister in 1969 and led Israel through a period marked by regional conflict and the 1973 Yom Kippur War. She resigned in 1974 after criticism of her government’s handling of the war and coalition difficulties.

Legacy

Meir remains a major figure in Israeli political history and is widely remembered as the first woman to serve as prime minister of Israel. Her career is also discussed in connection with the founding generation of the state and the crises of its early decades.

Key facts

  • Golda Meir was Israel’s fourth prime minister and the first woman to hold the office.
  • She was born in Kyiv, immigrated to the United States, and later moved to Palestine in 1921.
  • Meir was a signatory of the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948.
  • She served as Minister of Labour and Foreign Minister before becoming prime minister.
  • Her tenure is closely associated with the Yom Kippur War and the political criticism that followed.
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Canadian context

Golda Meir is a significant figure in world political history studied by Canadian readers in the context of the modern Middle East, women in leadership, and 20th-century diplomacy.

Frequently asked questions

Who was Golda Meir?
Golda Meir was an Israeli politician and stateswoman who served as Israel’s fourth prime minister from 1969 to 1974.
Was Golda Meir the first female prime minister of Israel?
Yes. She was the first woman to hold the office of prime minister in Israel.
Where was Golda Meir born?
She was born in Kyiv, then part of the Russian Empire and now in Ukraine.
What roles did Golda Meir hold before becoming prime minister?
She served as Minister of Labour and later Foreign Minister, and she was elected to the Knesset in 1949.
Why is Golda Meir historically significant?
She was a senior figure in Israel’s founding period and later became one of the first women in modern history to lead a country as head of government.
When did Golda Meir die?
She died in Jerusalem on December 8, 1978.

References

  1. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/biography/Golda-Meir
    Supports: Birth, death, role as Israeli politician, help in founding Israel, and service as fourth prime minister; first woman in office.
  2. Jewish Women's Archivehttps://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/meir-golda
    Supports: Political career, labour-Zionist background, cabinet roles, prime ministership, and resignation context.
  3. Jewish Virtual Libraryhttps://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/golda-meir
    Supports: Birth in Kyiv, immigration to Milwaukee, becoming prime minister in 1969, and burial in Jerusalem.
  4. Institute for Middle East Understandinghttps://imeu.org/resources/resources/quick-facts-golda-meir/163
    Supports: Immigration to Palestine in 1921, cabinet roles, and resignation in 1974.
  5. Encyclopedia.comhttps://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/israeli-history-biographies/golda-meir
    Supports: Prime ministership dates and significance as first woman to lead a modern nation.