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July 27, 2026Sources cited
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Science & Nature • Bird

Great Horned Owl

The Great Horned Owl (*Bubo virginianus*) is a large, adaptable owl found across much of the Americas.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 27, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) is a large, adaptable owl found across much of the Americas. It is known for its feather tufts, yellow eyes, deep hooting call, and broad diet of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and other prey. In Canada, it is one of the best-known owl species, especially in southern and central regions.

Description

This owl is a large, thick-bodied bird with broad wings, a rounded head, yellow eyes, and distinctive ear tufts. Plumage colour varies widely across its range, from darker birds in some regions to paler birds in northern areas.

Habitat and range

Great Horned Owls occur throughout much of the Americas and are especially widespread in North America. They occupy many semi-open habitats, including forests, grasslands, wetlands, deserts, and urban environments.

Diet and hunting

The species is a generalist predator that eats a wide range of animals, including rabbits, rodents, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and occasionally skunks. It is known for strong hunting ability and can take prey larger than itself.

Conservation

The Great Horned Owl is listed as least concern and is generally regarded as stable. Its adaptability to varied habitats has helped it remain widespread.

Key facts

  • The Great Horned Owl is one of the most common owls in North America.
  • It has prominent feather tufts on its head that resemble horns but are not horns.
  • It is a powerful nocturnal predator with a very broad prey base.
  • Its habitat includes forests, grasslands, wetlands, deserts, cities, and suburban areas.
  • The species is considered adaptable and currently has a stable population trend.
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Canadian context

The Great Horned Owl occurs in parts of Canada and is one of the country’s best-known owl species, especially in southern and central regions.

Frequently asked questions

What is the scientific name of the Great Horned Owl?
Its scientific name is *Bubo virginianus*.
Does the Great Horned Owl really have horns?
No. The “horns” are feather tufts on the head, not true horns.
Where does the Great Horned Owl live?
It lives across much of the Americas, from the Arctic through Central and South America, in many habitat types.
What does the Great Horned Owl eat?
It eats a broad range of prey, including rodents, rabbits, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and insects.
Is the Great Horned Owl endangered?
No. It is listed as a species of least concern.
How large is the Great Horned Owl?
It is about 18–25 inches long, with a wingspan of about 3.3–4.8 feet.

References

  1. Cornell Lab of Ornithologyhttps://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Horned_Owl/overview
    Supports: Common name, scientific name, broad habitat range, diet, and status as a common North American owl.
  2. Cornell Lab of Ornithologyhttps://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great_Horned_Owl/id
    Supports: Measurements, physical description, and plumage variation across range.
  3. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/facts/great-horned-owl
    Supports: Size, weight, lifespan, least concern status, and stable population trend.
  4. National Wildlife Federationhttps://www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Birds/Great-Horned-Owl
    Supports: Feather tufts are not horns; range across North America and into Mexico, Central America, and South America.
  5. Audubonhttps://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/great-horned-owl
    Supports: Range throughout North America and much of South America.
  6. Arizona-Sonora Desert Museumhttps://www.desertmuseum.org/kids/oz/long-fact-sheets/Great%20horned%20owl.php
    Supports: Physical description and occurrence in the United States, parts of Canada, and Central and South America.