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Gurpatwant Singh Pannun

Gurpatwant Singh Pannun is an American Sikh political activist and lawyer who serves as general counsel for Sikhs for Justice (SFJ), a U.S.-based Sikh separatist organization.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Gurpatwant Singh Pannun is an American Sikh political activist and lawyer who serves as general counsel for Sikhs for Justice (SFJ), a U.S.-based Sikh separatist organization. He is a prominent advocate for Khalistan, a proposed independent Sikh homeland, and has been designated a terrorist by the Indian government. He has also been at the centre of an alleged assassination plot investigated by U.S. authorities.

Early life and background

Available reporting says Pannun was born in the Amritsar area of Punjab, India, and later moved to the United States. Sources also describe him as a lawyer who became active in Sikh political advocacy.

Activism and Sikhs for Justice

Pannun is the general counsel and a leading public figure for Sikhs for Justice, a group founded in 2007. The organization campaigns for Khalistan and has organized nonbinding referendum efforts among diaspora Sikh communities.

India banned Sikhs for Justice in 2019 under anti-terror laws and designated Pannun as an individual terrorist in 2020. Indian authorities have also pursued criminal cases against him and seized property linked to him in Punjab.

Assassination plot allegations

In 2023, U.S. officials said they disrupted an alleged plot to kill Pannun, which U.S. investigators linked to a former Indian intelligence officer and other alleged conspirators. The case drew international attention and intensified diplomatic tensions.

Key facts

  • Pannun is a New York-based lawyer and Sikh separatist activist.
  • He has been the general counsel of Sikhs for Justice since 2009.
  • India banned Sikhs for Justice in 2019 and designated Pannun as an individual terrorist in 2020.
  • U.S. authorities have linked Pannun to an alleged assassination plot in 2023 involving Indian operatives, an allegation denied by India.
  • Pannun has said he is an activist supporting Khalistan and disputes the charges against him.
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Canadian context

Canadian media and Canadian authorities have followed Pannun closely because he has been described as a dual U.S.-Canadian citizen and because Sikh separatist activism has been a recurring issue in Canada’s domestic and diplomatic debates.

Frequently asked questions

Who is Gurpatwant Singh Pannun?
He is a Sikh political activist and lawyer based in New York who is a leading advocate for Khalistan and general counsel for Sikhs for Justice.
What is Sikhs for Justice?
Sikhs for Justice is a U.S.-based Sikh separatist organization founded in 2007 that campaigns for an independent Sikh homeland called Khalistan.
Why did India designate Pannun as a terrorist?
India designated him as an individual terrorist in 2020, saying he promoted secessionism and financed or encouraged violence; Pannun rejects those allegations.
What happened in the alleged assassination plot?
U.S. authorities said they disrupted a 2023 plot to kill Pannun and later charged a former Indian intelligence officer and others in connection with the case.
Is Pannun Canadian?
Reporting has described him as a dual U.S.-Canadian citizen, although he is also widely identified as American-based.
What is Khalistan?
Khalistan is the proposed name for an independent Sikh state, generally envisioned as separate from India.

References

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurpatwant_Singh_Pannun
    Supports: Background, role in Sikhs for Justice, Indian terrorist designation, and alleged assassination attempt context.
  2. BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-67725254
    Supports: Dual U.S.-Canadian citizenship, role in Sikhs for Justice, Indian designation, and denial of charges.
  3. The Hinduhttps://www.thehindu.com/news/international/gurpatwant-singh-pannun-online-tiger/article67598989.ece
    Supports: Founding of Sikhs for Justice in 2007 and the context of Pannun's activism.
  4. BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cm2949p14k4o
    Supports: U.S. charges related to the alleged assassination plot and Pannun's status as a dual citizen.
  5. Timehttps://time.com/6339942/india-gurpatwant-singh-pannun-sikh-separatist-qa/
    Supports: Sikhs for Justice background, Khalistan advocacy, and Pannun's denial of accusations.
  6. NDTVhttps://www.ndtv.com/india-news/canada-based-khalistani-terrorist-gurpatwant-singh-pannus-punjab-property-seized-by-anti-terror-agency-nia-4416527
    Supports: Property seizures, criminal cases, and Indian legal action.
  7. Al Jazeerahttps://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/2/14/indian-national-admits-role-in-us-sikh-leaders-assassination-plot
    Supports: Later U.S. court developments involving the 2023 assassination plot case.