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Harald Sigurdsson

Harald Sigurdsson (c.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 27, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Harald Sigurdsson (c. 1015–1066), also known as Harald Hardrada and Harald III, was King of Norway from 1046 to 1066. He is remembered for his military career, his claims to the Danish and English thrones, and his death at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066.

Early life

Harald Sigurdsson was born around 1015 in Norway. Sources describe him as the son of Sigurd Syr and later as the half-brother of Olaf II of Norway.

Career before kingship

Before becoming king, Harald built a reputation as a warrior and leader. He later returned to Norway and became king in 1046 after the death of his nephew Magnus Olafsson.

Reign as king of Norway

As king, Harald was known for his strong rule and military focus. His reign lasted from 1046 to 1066 and included attempts to strengthen his position in Scandinavia.

Claim to England and death

In 1066 Harald invaded England to press his claim to the throne. He was defeated and killed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge by the forces of Harold Godwinson.

Key facts

  • Harald Sigurdsson ruled Norway from 1046 until his death in 1066.
  • He was also called Harald Hardrada, a nickname commonly translated as 'hard ruler' or similar.
  • He unsuccessfully pursued claims to the Danish throne and later the English throne.
  • He died fighting at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066.
  • His death is often treated by historians as marking the end of the Viking Age.

Frequently asked questions

Who was Harald Sigurdsson?
Harald Sigurdsson was a 11th-century Norwegian king and military leader, better known as Harald Hardrada or Harald III.
When did Harald Sigurdsson rule Norway?
He ruled Norway from 1046 until 1066.
Why is Harald Sigurdsson called Harald Hardrada?
Hardrada is an epithet commonly translated as 'hard ruler' or 'stern counsel,' referring to his reputation as a strong ruler.
What happened to Harald Sigurdsson in 1066?
He invaded England, was defeated at Stamford Bridge, and was killed in battle.
Did Harald Sigurdsson claim other thrones?
Yes. He also pursued claims to the Danish throne before seeking the English throne.

References

  1. Wikipedia — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald_Hardrada
    Supports: Basic identity, reign as King of Norway, alternate names, and death at Stamford Bridge.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica — https://www.britannica.com/biography/Harald-III-Sigurdsson
    Supports: Birth and death details, kingship of Norway, and defeat at Stamford Bridge.
  3. Viking Ship Museum — https://www.vikingeskibsmuseet.dk/en/professions/education/viking-age-people/historical-characters/harald-hardrada-of-norway
    Supports: Reign dates, biography, and death in the Norwegian invasion of England.