Hops

Hops are the flowering cones of *Humulus lupulus*, a perennial climbing plant in the cannabis family, Cannabaceae.

Hops are the flowering cones of *Humulus lupulus*, a perennial climbing plant in the cannabis family, Cannabaceae. The plant is widely known for its use in beer brewing, where the female cones add bitterness, aroma, and preservative qualities. It is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and is also used in some herbal preparations.

Botany

*Humulus lupulus* is a vigorous perennial climber with twining stems, lobed leaves, and separate male and female plants. The female inflorescences form cone-like structures that contain aromatic glands.

Distribution and habitat

Hops are native to temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere and commonly grow in moist habitats such as riverbanks, hedges, and alluvial forests. They are associated with fresh, fertile soils and partial shade.

Use in brewing

Hops have been used in beer production for centuries. Their cones contribute bitterness, aroma, and stability to beer, and they are one of the key ingredients in many brewing styles.

Other uses

Beyond brewing, hops have a history of use in herbal medicine and are sometimes cultivated as an ornamental garden plant. Traditional uses have included preparations intended to support sleep and relaxation.