Humboldt squid
The Humboldt squid (*Dosidicus gigas*) is a large predatory squid native to the eastern Pacific Ocean.
The Humboldt squid (*Dosidicus gigas*) is a large predatory squid native to the eastern Pacific Ocean. It is also known as the jumbo squid or red devil, and it is the only known species in the genus *Dosidicus*. This species is associated with the Humboldt Current and productive upwelling regions.
Taxonomy and naming
*Dosidicus gigas* belongs to the squid family Ommastrephidae. Common names include Humboldt squid, jumbo squid, jumbo flying squid, and red devil.
Distribution and habitat
The species is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, especially waters influenced by the Humboldt Current. It is a pelagic squid and is often found at mesopelagic depths, with nightly movements into shallower water reported.
Behaviour and ecology
Humboldt squid are active predators that feed on fish, crustaceans, and other cephalopods. They are also known for schooling behaviour and rapid body colour changes.
Size and life history
This squid is among the largest ommastrephid squids, with reported mantle lengths up to about 1.2–1.5 m and weights up to about 50–65 kg. Many sources describe a short lifespan, often around one to two years, though estimates vary.
Conservation
The species is assessed as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List, meaning there is not enough information to determine its extinction risk with confidence.
Key facts
- The Humboldt squid is a large predatory squid found in the eastern Pacific Ocean.
- It is the only species in the genus *Dosidicus*.
- It is known for colour changes used in communication and schooling behaviour.
- Adults can reach roughly 2 m total length or more, depending on measurement.
- The IUCN lists the species as Data Deficient.
Humboldt squid are relevant to Canadian readers because their range can extend northward into the northeastern Pacific during warm-water periods, bringing them into the broader Pacific marine context of British Columbia and coastal fisheries.
Frequently asked questions
What is the Humboldt squid?
Why is it called the Humboldt squid?
How big can Humboldt squid get?
Where do Humboldt squid live?
What do Humboldt squid eat?
Is the Humboldt squid endangered?
References
- Wikipedia — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humboldt_squidSupports: Scientific name, common names, taxonomy, eastern Pacific range, and genus membership.
- Oceana Canada — https://www.oceana.ca/en/marine-life/humboldt-squid/Supports: Eastern Pacific range, large size, flying squid family, and Data Deficient status.
- Discover Wildlife — https://www.discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/marine-animals/humboldt-squidSupports: Size, eastern Pacific distribution, behaviour, colouration, and Data Deficient conservation status.
- British Antarctic Survey — https://www.bas.ac.uk/data/our-data/publication/dosidicus-gigas-humboldt-squid/Supports: Largest ommastrephid squid, size estimates, eastern Pacific endemic range, and association with Humboldt Current systems.
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife — https://www.wdfw.wa.gov/species-habitats/species/dosidicus-gigasSupports: Range extension northward, lifespan variation, schooling behaviour, and size estimates.