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Kursk submarine disaster

The Kursk submarine disaster was the sinking of the Russian nuclear-powered submarine K-141 Kursk in the Barents Sea on 12 August 2000.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The Kursk submarine disaster was the sinking of the Russian nuclear-powered submarine K-141 Kursk in the Barents Sea on 12 August 2000. All 118 people on board died. The official Russian inquiry later concluded the disaster began with an explosion linked to a faulty torpedo in the bow compartment.

Background

K-141 Kursk was an Oscar II-class nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine of the Russian Navy. It was taking part in a naval exercise when the disaster occurred.

Sinking and loss of life

The submarine sank on 12 August 2000 in the Barents Sea. All 118 personnel aboard were killed, making it one of the deadliest submarine disasters in peacetime.

Cause of the disaster

The official Russian inquiry concluded that the sinking began with a torpedo explosion caused by a leak of high-test peroxide from a torpedo casing. Accounts of the cause varied in the early aftermath, including speculation about other explosions or collisions.

Recovery and aftermath

The wreck was raised in October 2001, but the bow section was cut away and left on the seabed. The disaster led to prolonged public scrutiny of the rescue effort, the handling of the incident, and official communication.

Key facts

  • Kursk sank during a Russian Navy exercise in the Barents Sea on 12 August 2000.
  • All 118 crew members died.
  • The submarine was a Russian Oscar II-class nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine.
  • Russian and later secondary reporting attributed the initial explosion to a faulty torpedo involving high-test peroxide.
  • The wreck was raised in October 2001, though the bow section remained on the seabed.
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Canadian context

The disaster is relevant to Canadian readers as a major post–Cold War maritime tragedy and an example of submarine safety, rescue failures, and Russia–NATO-era military tensions.

Frequently asked questions

What was the Kursk submarine?
Kursk was the Russian Navy submarine K-141, an Oscar II-class nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine.
When did the Kursk disaster happen?
It occurred on 12 August 2000 during a naval exercise in the Barents Sea.
How many people died?
All 118 people on board died.
What caused the sinking?
The official Russian report said a torpedo explosion, triggered by leaking high-test peroxide, caused the disaster.
Was the Kursk raised from the seabed?
Yes. The wreck was raised in October 2001, although the bow section was left on the seabed.

References

  1. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/event/Kursk-submarine-disaster
    Supports: Date, location, crew death toll, submarine class, and raising of the wreck.
  2. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_submarine_Kursk
    Supports: Submarine designation, class, date of sinking, and total fatalities.
  3. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kursk_submarine_disaster
    Supports: Official explanation involving a torpedo explosion and high-test peroxide.
  4. BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33881479
    Supports: Deaths of all 118 crew members and anniversary context.
  5. BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-10950701
    Supports: Cause attributed to torpedo fuel and the recovery of the boat in 2001.
  6. Radio Free Europe/Radio Libertyhttps://www.rferl.org/a/kursk-russia-submarine-disaster/27183289.html
    Supports: Two explosions and loss of all 118 personnel.