Lemon

The lemon (*Citrus × limon*) is a small evergreen tree in the citrus genus and Rutaceae family, grown for its sour, yellow fruit.

The lemon (Citrus × limon) is a small evergreen tree in the citrus genus and Rutaceae family, known for its sour, yellow fruit. It is an ancient hybrid, generally believed to have arisen from citron and bitter orange. Lemons are widely cultivated in warm climates around the world and are used for juice, zest, cooking, and beverages.

Botanical classification

Lemon is classified as Citrus × limon in the family Rutaceae. It is commonly described as an ancient hybrid derived from citron and bitter orange.

Description

The lemon plant is a small evergreen tree or shrub with glossy leaves, spiny branches in many cultivars, and fragrant white flowers. Its fruit is typically yellow, oval to broadly ovoid, and highly acidic.

Origins and cultivation

The exact origin of lemon is uncertain, but evidence points to South Asia, especially northeastern India. It has been cultivated for centuries and is now grown in warm regions worldwide, including Mediterranean and subtropical areas.

Uses

Lemons are used primarily for their juice and zest in cooking, baking, beverages, and flavouring. The fruit and peel are also used in household and industrial products, and lemon cultivation includes many named varieties.