The Canadian Encyclopedia — neutral, cited, updated
July 26, 2026Sources cited
Canadianwire.
Canada’s encyclopedia & explainer
HomeScience & NatureHerbLemon Balm
Science & Nature • Herb

Lemon Balm

Lemon balm is a fragrant perennial herb in the mint family, scientifically known as Melissa officinalis.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Lemon balm is a fragrant perennial herb in the mint family, scientifically known as Melissa officinalis. Native to the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia, it is now cultivated and naturalized in many temperate regions worldwide. The plant is known for its lemon-scented leaves and long history of use in cooking, herbal medicine, and aromatics.

Description

Lemon balm is a bushy perennial herb with fragrant leaves and small flowers. It is recognized by its strong lemon scent when the leaves are bruised or crushed.

Distribution and cultivation

The plant is native to the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia and has been cultivated in many temperate and subtropical regions. It is hardy and widely grown as a garden herb. In Canada, lemon balm is grown in gardens and found in herb cultivation and herbal-product markets, especially as a tea, culinary herb, or ornamental plant.

Traditional and modern uses

Lemon balm has been used in traditional medicine and herbal products for nervousness, insomnia, digestive complaints, and menstrual irregularities. Its leaves and extracts are also used in herbal products, teas, foods, and cosmetics as a flavouring herb.

Research and safety

Studies have investigated lemon balm extracts for calming, digestive, and antimicrobial effects, but many uses remain insufficiently proven. Available reviews describe it as generally well tolerated, with drowsiness and mild skin irritation among possible side effects.

Key facts

  • Lemon balm is an aromatic herb with lemon-scented leaves.
  • It belongs to the mint family, Lamiaceae.
  • The plant is native to the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia but is now widely cultivated.
  • It has a long history of traditional use for relaxation, sleep, digestion, and anxiety.
  • Research has examined possible calming, antiviral, and antimicrobial properties.
🍁
Canadian context

Lemon balm is grown in Canadian gardens and can be found in herb cultivation and herbal-product markets, especially as a tea, culinary herb, or ornamental garden plant.

Frequently asked questions

What is lemon balm?
Lemon balm is an aromatic herb, Melissa officinalis, in the mint family, known for its lemon-scented leaves.
Where is lemon balm native to?
It is native to the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia.
What is lemon balm used for?
It has been used traditionally in herbal medicine for relaxation, sleep, digestive complaints, and anxiety, and also as a flavouring herb.
Is lemon balm the same as mint?
It is not mint itself, but it belongs to the same plant family, Lamiaceae.
Is lemon balm cultivated widely?
Yes. It is cultivated in many temperate and subtropical regions around the world.

References

  1. Herb Society of Americahttps://www.herbsociety.org/file_download/inline/21327a7a-7166-42ed-914e-df28ee42c31b
    Supports: Common names, mint family, distribution, and traditional properties
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/plant/lemon-balm
    Supports: Scientific classification and aromatic herb description
  3. National Center for Biotechnology Informationhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK600583/
    Supports: Native range, cultivation, traditional uses, constituents, and safety
  4. University of Wisconsin–Madison Extensionhttps://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/lemon-balm-melissa-officinalis/
    Supports: Hardiness, perennial habit, origin, and Herb of the Year designation