Liberia

Liberia is a country on the west coast of Africa, officially the Republic of Liberia.

Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the west coast of Africa. Its capital and largest city is Monrovia, and English is the official language. The country is notable for its historical connection to the United States and for being Africa’s oldest republic.

History

Liberia was founded in the early 19th century as a settlement for freed enslaved people from the United States, with support from the American Colonization Society. It declared independence in 1847 and is often described as Africa’s oldest republic. In the late 20th century, Liberia experienced a military coup in 1980 and a civil war that ended with a 2003 peace agreement.

Geography

Liberia lies on the Atlantic coast of West Africa and shares land borders with Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Côte d’Ivoire. Its landscape includes coastal lowlands, hills, and inland tropical rainforest. The country covers an area of 111,369 km².

Government and politics

Liberia is a multiparty presidential republic, with the president serving as both head of state and head of government. Its political system includes two legislative houses.

Economy and society

Agriculture is central to Liberia’s economy, and major exports include rubber and iron ore. The population is about 5.5 million and is ethnically diverse. English is the official language, and many indigenous languages are also spoken. Christianity, Islam, and traditional beliefs are among the main religions.