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Crime & Justice • Mass shooting

Marc Lépine

Marc Lépine (born Gamil Rodrigue Liass Gharbi) was a Canadian mass murderer who carried out the École Polytechnique massacre in Montreal on 6 December 1989.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Marc Lépine (born Gamil Rodrigue Liass Gharbi) was a Canadian mass murderer who carried out the École Polytechnique massacre in Montreal on 6 December 1989. He killed 14 women and injured 14 other people before taking his own life. The attack is widely described as an antifeminist or misogynistic hate crime.

Background

Marc Lépine was born in Montreal in 1964 under the name Gamil Rodrigue Liass Gharbi and later used the name Marc Lépine. Biographical details in the available sources are limited, but his later notoriety comes entirely from the 1989 massacre.

École Polytechnique massacre

On 6 December 1989, Lépine entered the École Polytechnique de Montréal armed with a semi-automatic rifle and a hunting knife. He ordered men and women to separate, targeted women, and killed 14 women before killing himself.

Motive and interpretation

Multiple sources describe the attack as antifeminist, misogynistic, or anti-women in nature. A letter left by Lépine is reported to have expressed hatred of feminists and was used to interpret the attack as ideologically motivated.

Legacy

The massacre became one of the most widely remembered violent crimes in Canadian history and is strongly associated with discussions of violence against women. It is commemorated annually in Canada through remembrance activities linked to 6 December.

Key facts

  • He attacked the École Polytechnique de Montréal on 6 December 1989.
  • He separated women from men during the attack and targeted women.
  • He killed 14 women and injured 14 people before dying by suicide.
  • Sources describe him as a Canadian mass murderer and antifeminist attacker.
  • His act led to the annual Canadian National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women, which commemorates the victims of gender-based violence associated with the massacre.
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Canadian context

The case is central to Canadian discussions of gun violence, misogyny, and violence against women, and it is linked to Canada’s National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women.

Frequently asked questions

Who was Marc Lépine?
He was a Canadian man who carried out the École Polytechnique massacre in Montreal in 1989, killing 14 women and then dying by suicide.
What was Marc Lépine’s birth name?
Sources identify his birth name as Gamil Rodrigue Liass Gharbi or a close variant of that spelling.
What did Marc Lépine do?
He attacked the École Polytechnique de Montréal on 6 December 1989, separated women from men, shot 14 women, injured 14 others, and then killed himself.
What was his motive?
Sources describe the attack as antifeminist and misogynistic, based on his actions and a letter he left behind.
How many people were killed and injured?
He killed 14 women and injured 14 people.
Why is the massacre important in Canada?
It became a major national reference point for discussions of violence against women and remembrance of victims of gender-based violence.

References

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_L%C3%A9pine
    Supports: Birth name, nationality, date and place of birth/death, and description as Canadian mass murderer; attack details and casualty counts.
  2. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_massacre
    Supports: Attack details, casualty counts, and context of the massacre.
  3. Wikipediahttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuerie_de_l'%C3%89cole_polytechnique_de_Montr%C3%A9al
    Supports: French-language account of the event, numbers of killed and injured, and suicide.
  4. The Canadian Encyclopediahttps://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/fr/article/lepine-massacre-ten-years-after-en-anglais-seulement
    Supports: Canadian context, anti-women motivation description, and remembrance significance.
  5. France Interhttps://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/affaires-sensibles/affaires-sensibles-du-jeudi-25-avril-2024-7147489
    Supports: Narrative of the attack, separation of men and women, antifeminist statements, and number of victims.