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Science & Nature • Firearms

Mauser C96

The Mauser C96 is a German semi-automatic pistol introduced in 1896 and manufactured by Mauser until 1937.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 27, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The Mauser C96 is a German semi-automatic pistol introduced in 1896 and manufactured by Mauser until 1937. It is known for its distinctive broomhandle grip, integral box magazine, and wooden shoulder stock that also served as a holster. The design was widely copied and saw military and civilian use in multiple countries.

Design and features

The Mauser C96 is a blowback-operated semi-automatic pistol with a fixed internal magazine in front of the trigger and a long barrel. Its broomhandle grip and detachable wooden stock made it unusually distinctive among early self-loading handguns.

Development and production

The pistol was developed in the mid-1890s by the Feederle brothers and manufactured by Mauser beginning in 1896. It remained in production until 1937 and existed in multiple variants, including later 9mm models.

Military and civilian use

The C96 saw extensive use in military conflicts and was exported or copied for use in several countries. Although it was not adopted as a standard sidearm by one major army, it became widely recognised and used in service worldwide.

Variants and copies

The C96 appeared in numerous variants, including the M712 Schnellfeuer select-fire version. Licensed and unlicensed copies were produced abroad, especially in Spain and China.

Key facts

  • Introduced in 1896, it became one of the first semi-automatic pistols to see widespread use.
  • Its broomhandle grip earned it the nickname "Broomhandle".
  • The C96 featured a detachable wooden shoulder stock that also served as a holster.
  • Production ended in 1937 with total output commonly estimated at over one million units.
  • The design was copied and adapted in countries including Spain and China.
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Canadian context

The Mauser C96 is of interest to Canadian readers mainly as a historically significant early self-loading pistol, commonly discussed in firearms history, collecting, and military studies.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Mauser C96?
It is a German semi-automatic pistol introduced in 1896, known for its broomhandle grip and detachable wooden stock.
Why is it called the "Broomhandle"?
The nickname comes from the pistol's distinctive grip shape, which resembles the handle of a broom.
What calibre did the C96 use?
It was originally chambered in 7.63×25mm Mauser, and later versions were also made in 9×19mm Parabellum and other calibres.
Was the C96 used by the military?
Yes. It saw military use in multiple countries and conflicts, though it was not widely adopted as a standard-issue sidearm.
Did the C96 have a shoulder stock?
Yes. A wooden shoulder stock could attach to the pistol and also serve as a holster or carrying case.
When did production end?
Mauser production of the C96 ended in 1937.

References

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauser_C96
    Supports: Basic identification, distinctive design features, and type
  2. National Museum of American Historyhttps://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object/nmah_414866
    Supports: Introduction date, integral box magazine, shoulder stock/holster, and 9mm wartime variants
  3. American Riflemanhttps://www.americanrifleman.org/content/the-mauser-c96-a-look-back/
    Supports: Production span, commercial run, calibre change, and total production estimate
  4. Military Factoryhttps://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.php?smallarms_id=711
    Supports: Production estimate, calibre variants, and general small-arms specifications
  5. Internet Movie Firearms Databasehttps://www.imfdb.org/wiki/Mauser_C96
    Supports: Variants, nickname, and widespread recognition