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Middle East map

A Middle East map is a political or geographic map showing the Middle East, a loosely defined region centred on Southwest Asia and often including Egypt, Turkey, and sometimes North Africa or nearby territories.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

A Middle East map is a political or geographic map showing the Middle East, a loosely defined region centred on Southwest Asia and often including Egypt, Turkey, and sometimes North Africa or nearby territories. The exact countries shown vary by map maker because the term Middle East has no single universally agreed boundary.

Definition and scope

The Middle East is a geopolitical and cultural region rather than a strictly bounded continent or subcontinent. Different atlases and reference works include different countries depending on context.

Countries commonly shown

The states most often included on Middle East maps are those of the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Egypt. Some maps also include Cyprus and adjacent territories.

Geographic setting

The region is located between Europe, Africa, and Asia, and is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Arabian Sea. Major physical features often displayed include deserts, plateaus, and coastal zones.

Mapping conventions

Political, physical, and thematic maps of the Middle East differ in their borders, labels, and included territories depending on the purpose of the map. Some maps may emphasize political boundaries, while others focus on physical features.

Key facts

  • The Middle East is generally described as a region in Southwest Asia, with some definitions extending into North Africa and Southeast Europe.
  • Commonly included countries are those of the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Egypt.
  • There is no single universally accepted boundary for the Middle East, so maps of the region can differ significantly.
  • Some sources include Cyprus, while others also extend the term to parts of North Africa, Afghanistan, Pakistan, or Central Asia.
  • The term has been criticized as Eurocentric and historically shifted in meaning over time.
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Canadian context

Middle East maps are commonly used in Canadian classrooms, news coverage, and government and humanitarian reporting because the region is central to international trade, migration, diplomacy, and security issues that affect Canada.

Frequently asked questions

What is a Middle East map?
A Middle East map is a map showing the countries and geography of the Middle East, usually focusing on Southwest Asia and sometimes nearby parts of Africa and Europe.
Which countries are usually included?
Commonly included countries are Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Egypt, and the Gulf states.
Why do Middle East maps differ?
The Middle East has no fixed universal boundary, so different publishers include different countries based on political, cultural, or geographic criteria.
Is Egypt always part of the Middle East?
No. Egypt is often included, but some definitions treat it as part of North Africa rather than the Middle East.
Is Turkey part of the Middle East?
Turkey is often included, though some definitions place it partly in Europe and partly in Asia rather than treating it as wholly Middle Eastern.
What seas are usually shown on a Middle East map?
Middle East maps commonly show the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and Arabian Sea.

References

  1. Geology.comhttps://geology.com/world/middle-east.shtml
    Supports: Commonly included countries and regional location around the Mediterranean, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf.
  2. WorldAtlashttps://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/me.htm
    Supports: Geographic description of the region, variable boundaries, and inclusion of Egypt, Turkey, Cyprus, and surrounding waters.
  3. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East
    Supports: General definition, variability of the term, and typical inclusion of Arabia, the Levant, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Egypt.
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/place/Middle-East
    Supports: Loosely defined regional scope and common inclusions such as the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Egypt.
  5. Apple Mapshttps://maps.apple.com/place?auid=7493789685196773609
    Supports: Widespread usage of the term Middle East and the note that the definition has shifted and been criticized as Eurocentric.