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Mumbai

Mumbai, formerly called Bombay, is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and one of India’s largest cities.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 27, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Mumbai, formerly called Bombay, is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and one of India’s largest cities. It is a major financial, commercial, and cultural centre, and is located on the west coast of India on the Arabian Sea. The city’s official name was changed from Bombay to Mumbai in 1995.

Name

Mumbai was officially known as Bombay until 1995. The renaming was carried out by the Maharashtra government and is commonly linked to a move away from colonial-era naming. The name Mumbai is associated with Mumbadevi, a local goddess.

History

The city developed from a group of islands into a large port and urban centre. It became known as Bombay under colonial rule and later Mumbai under its modern official name.

Geography

Mumbai is located on India’s west coast in Maharashtra, facing the Arabian Sea. Its coastal position has long supported its role as a port city.

Economy and culture

Mumbai is widely known as India’s financial capital and as a centre for commerce, shipping, and the Hindi-language film industry often called Bollywood.

Key facts

  • Bombay is the former official English name of Mumbai.
  • Mumbai is the capital city of Maharashtra in India.
  • The city was officially renamed Mumbai in 1995.
  • Mumbai is a major financial, commercial, and entertainment hub.
  • The 2011 census population of the city proper was 12,442,373.
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Canadian context

Mumbai is relevant to Canadian readers as a major global city with strong ties to trade, migration, media, and South Asian diaspora communities in Canada.

Frequently asked questions

What is Bombay now called?
Bombay is now officially called Mumbai.
Why is Bombay called Mumbai?
The city was renamed Mumbai in 1995, with the name linked to Mumbadevi, a local goddess associated with the city’s original inhabitants.
What is Bombay known for?
It is known for being India’s financial and commercial centre, a major port city, and a hub for film and entertainment.
Is Bombay a city in India?
Yes. Bombay is the former name of Mumbai, a city in India.
Where is Bombay located?
Bombay, now Mumbai, is on India’s west coast in the state of Maharashtra, along the Arabian Sea.
What is the population of Bombay?
The 2011 census lists Mumbai’s city population at 12,442,373; the broader metropolitan area is larger.

References

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai
    Supports: Official name Mumbai, former name Bombay, capital of Maharashtra, 2011 population, and location.
  2. Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/place/Mumbai
    Supports: Mumbai as capital of Maharashtra, major financial and commercial centre, port on the Arabian Sea, and renaming in 1995.
  3. Mumbai City Governmenthttps://mumbaicity.gov.in/en/history/
    Supports: 1995 renaming from Bombay to Mumbai and association with Mumbadevi.
  4. BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj60k3x879ro
    Supports: Historical context for the Bombay to Mumbai name change and colonial-era significance.