Northern pike

The northern pike (*Esox lucius*) is a predatory freshwater fish in the family Esocidae, widely distributed across the northern hemisphere.

The northern pike (Esox lucius) is a predatory freshwater fish in the family Esocidae, widely distributed across the northern hemisphere. In French, it is commonly called brochet or grand brochet. It is a popular game fish and is also known for its impact on other fish populations when introduced outside its native range.

Taxonomy and naming

Esox lucius was described by Linnaeus in 1758. English-language sources commonly call it northern pike, while French-language sources in Canada use brochet or grand brochet.

Distribution and habitat

The species has a circumpolar distribution across North America and Eurasia. It lives mainly in freshwater lakes and rivers, but can tolerate some brackish conditions.

Ecology and diet

Northern pike is an ambush predator that feeds on other fish and may also take other animals. Because of this, it can affect local fish communities, especially after introductions.

Canadian significance

Canadian government and provincial sources describe the species as widespread in Canada and important to recreational and commercial fishing in some regions. Quebec and Ontario sources also note local concerns where it is introduced or where populations are under pressure.