The Canadian Encyclopedia — neutral, cited, updated
July 26, 2026Sources cited
Canadianwire.
Canada’s encyclopedia & explainer
HomeScience & NatureMammalsNutria
Science & Nature • Mammals

Nutria

The nutria (Myocastor coypus), also called the coypu, is a large semi-aquatic rodent native to South America.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The nutria (Myocastor coypus), also called the coypu, is a large semi-aquatic rodent native to South America. It is known for its webbed feet, herbivorous diet, and association with wetland habitats, and it has become invasive in parts of North America and elsewhere.

Description

Nutria are large rodents adapted to aquatic life, with webbed feet, dense fur, and prominent orange front teeth. They are often compared with muskrats or beavers, but are a distinct species.

Distribution and habitat

The species is native to southern South America, including countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It lives in marshes, riverbanks, swamps, and other wetland environments. Nutria have been introduced widely outside their native range and have become established in parts of North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.

Diet and behaviour

Nutria are herbivores that feed mainly on aquatic and marsh plants, including roots, stems, and other vegetation. Their feeding habits and burrowing can significantly alter wetland ecosystems when populations are dense.

Invasive status

Nutria were widely imported for fur farming, and escaped or were released in many places after the fur market declined. In several regions they are now managed as invasive wildlife because of environmental and agricultural damage, including damage to wetlands, crops, and water-control structures.

Key facts

  • Nutria are large, semi-aquatic rodents with webbed feet and a rat-like tail.
  • They are native to South America, where their original range includes countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
  • Nutria feed mainly on wetland vegetation, including roots, stems, and other aquatic plants.
  • They were introduced to many regions for fur farming and later became established as invasive populations.
  • Their feeding and burrowing can damage wetlands, crops, and water-control structures.
🍁
Canadian context

Nutria are relevant to Canadian readers mainly as a potential invasive species and wetland-management concern, especially in regions connected to North American spread and cross-border invasive-species control.[9]

Frequently asked questions

What is a nutria?
A nutria is a large semi-aquatic rodent native to South America, known scientifically as Myocastor coypus.
Is nutria the same as coypu?
Yes. Nutria is the common name used in North America, while coypu is the name used in many other parts of the world.
Where do nutria live?
They live in wetlands such as marshes, swamps, riverbanks, and other freshwater or brackish habitats.
What do nutria eat?
Nutria are herbivores that feed mainly on wetland plants, including roots, stems, and other aquatic vegetation.
Why are nutria considered invasive in some places?
Outside their native range, nutria can damage wetlands, crops, and banks or dikes through feeding and burrowing.
Are nutria found in Canada?
Nutria are not native to Canada, but they are of interest to Canadian invasive-species monitoring because they can affect wetlands if introduced.

References

  1. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/nutria
    Supports: Common name, scientific name, mammal classification, and aquatic rodent description.
  2. Louisiana Sea Granthttps://www.laseagrant.org/wp-content/uploads/NIS-Nutria-Fact-Sheet.pdf
    Supports: Native range, naming as coypu outside North America, and semi-aquatic rodent description.
  3. Deutsche Wellehttps://www.dw.com/en/what-are-nutria-and-how-could-they-possibly-be-a-problem/a-71726564
    Supports: Native origin, spread beyond native wetlands, and invasive-species status in Europe.
  4. Washington Invasive Species Councilhttps://invasivespecies.wa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Nutria-FactSheet.pdf
    Supports: Size, habitat, diet, and rapid reproduction.
  5. National Invasive Species Information Centerhttps://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatic/fish-and-other-vertebrates/nutria
    Supports: Introduction to the United States for fur, invasive impacts, and distribution in U.S. states.
  6. California Department of Fish and Wildlifehttps://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Invasives/Species/Nutria
    Supports: General description and establishment in U.S. states.
  7. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisherieshttps://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/page/nutria
    Supports: Native range, introduction for fur farming, and wetland damage.