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July 27, 2026Sources cited
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Science & Nature • Reptiles

Painted Turtle

The painted turtle (*Chrysemys picta*) is a freshwater turtle and the most widespread native turtle in North America.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 27, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) is a freshwater turtle and the most widespread native turtle in North America. It is named for the red, yellow, and orange markings on its shell and skin. The species lives in slow-moving or still freshwater habitats and is common across much of southern Canada and the United States.

Description

Painted turtles are medium-sized, smooth-shelled turtles with a dark upper shell marked by red and yellow patterns. Their skin also shows colourful stripes and spots, which give the species its common name.

Range and habitat

The species ranges across most of North America, from southern Canada to northern Mexico. It typically lives in quiet freshwater habitats such as ponds, lakes, marshes, wet meadows, and slow-moving streams.

Diet and behaviour

Painted turtles are omnivorous and eat both plant matter and animal prey. They often bask in groups on logs or other exposed surfaces and may hibernate during winter in colder parts of their range.

Reproduction and life cycle

Females usually lay eggs in nests near water, with clutch sizes varying by body size and population. Eggs typically hatch after several weeks, and hatchlings may overwinter in the nest in some cases.

Key facts

  • Painted turtles are the most widespread native turtle in North America.
  • They are identifiable by bright red, yellow, and orange markings on the shell, head, and neck.
  • The species is primarily aquatic and prefers quiet, shallow freshwater with muddy bottoms and aquatic vegetation.
  • Painted turtles feed on plants and small animals, including insects, crustaceans, fish, and some carrion.
  • Habitat loss and road mortality are among the main threats in some areas.
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Canadian context

Painted turtles are native to Canada and are found across southern parts of the country from Nova Scotia to British Columbia. They are the only native freshwater turtle in some regions, including British Columbia, and are familiar to Canadian readers as a common pond and wetland species.[11][12]

Frequently asked questions

What is the scientific name of the painted turtle?
The scientific name is Chrysemys picta.
Where do painted turtles live?
They live in quiet freshwater habitats such as ponds, lakes, marshes, and slow-moving rivers across much of North America.
What do painted turtles eat?
They are omnivorous and eat plants, insects, crustaceans, small fish, and sometimes carrion.
Are painted turtles found in Canada?
Yes. They range across southern Canada, including from Nova Scotia to British Columbia.
Why are they called painted turtles?
The name comes from the bright red, yellow, and orange markings on their shell and skin.
Are painted turtles endangered?
They are common across much of their range, but some local populations face threats such as habitat loss and road mortality.

References

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painted_turtle
    Supports: Scientific name, family, and broad statement that it is the most widespread native turtle of North America.
  2. Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protectionhttps://portal.ct.gov/deep/wildlife/fact-sheets/painted-turtle
    Supports: Range, habitat, subspecies note, and identification description.
  3. Squam Lakes Natural Science Centerhttps://www.nhnature.org/animal/painted-turtle/
    Supports: Taxonomy, size, lifespan, clutch size, appearance, and habitat.
  4. South Dakota Herpetological Societyhttps://www.sdherps.org/species/chrysemys_picta
    Supports: Distribution across North America and family classification.
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/animal/painted-turtle
    Supports: Range, appearance, habitat, diet, basking, and reproduction.
  6. Animal Diversity Webhttps://www.animaldiversity.org/accounts/Chrysemys_picta/
    Supports: Habitat preference, distribution, threats, and Canada blue-list note.
  7. WWF-Canadahttps://wwf.ca/stories/meet-species-month-painted-turtle/
    Supports: Canadian range, colour markings, behaviour, and habitat loss as a threat.
  8. NatureMapping Foundationhttps://naturemappingfoundation.org/natmap/facts/painted_turtle_k6.html
    Supports: Appearance, habitat, and diet.