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Peach

The peach is a deciduous fruit tree species, *Prunus persica*, in the rose family, and the edible fruit it produces.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The peach is a deciduous fruit tree species, *Prunus persica*, in the rose family, and the edible fruit it produces. It is widely cultivated in temperate regions for its sweet, juicy fruit, and smooth-skinned forms are commonly called nectarines. In Canada, peaches are cultivated in parts of southern Ontario and British Columbia.

Description

Peach trees are small to medium-sized deciduous trees with pink or white flowers and lance-shaped leaves. The fruit is a fleshy drupe with a pit, and the skin is usually fuzzy.

Cultivation

Peaches are grown in temperate regions of both hemispheres and are sensitive to severe cold. They require winter chilling to trigger spring growth and fruit production.

Uses

Peaches are eaten fresh and are also used in baked goods, preserves, and canned fruit products. Yellow-fleshed varieties are noted as being rich in vitamin A.

Varieties

Thousands of peach varieties have been developed. Freestone peaches have pits that separate easily from the flesh, while clingstone peaches have flesh that adheres to the pit.

Key facts

  • Peach refers both to the tree species and to its edible fruit.
  • The species is *Prunus persica*, in the rose family.
  • Peaches have a hard central stone or pit and usually fuzzy skin.
  • Smooth-skinned varieties are called nectarines.
  • Peach trees are grown in warmer temperate climates and need winter chilling to fruit well.
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Canadian context

Peaches are cultivated in parts of southern Canada, especially in Ontario and British Columbia, where the climate can support temperate fruit production.

Frequently asked questions

What is a peach?
A peach is a fruit-bearing tree species, *Prunus persica*, and the edible fruit it produces.
Are nectarines related to peaches?
Yes. Nectarines are smooth-skinned varieties of peach and belong to the same species.
What type of fruit is a peach?
A peach is a drupe, meaning it has fleshy outer tissue surrounding a hard stone or pit.
Where did peaches originate?
Peaches probably originated in China and later spread westward.
How are peaches commonly used?
They are eaten fresh and used in desserts such as pies and cobblers, as well as in canned products and preserves.

References

  1. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/plant/peach
    Supports: Scientific name, family, cultivation, uses, origin, and peach/nectarine distinction.
  2. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peach
    Supports: Species identification, genus, rose family placement, and general description.
  3. Merriam-Websterhttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/peach
    Supports: Definition of peach as the tree and edible fruit, and fruit characteristics.
  4. Dictionary.comhttps://www.dictionary.com/browse/peach
    Supports: Fruit description, skin, pit, and temperate-climate cultivation.
  5. Britannica Kidshttps://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/peach/353605
    Supports: Fruit shape, fuzzy skin, nectarines, uses, and major producing regions.