Pilot whale

Pilot whales are large oceanic dolphins in the genus *Globicephala*, not true whales.

Pilot whales are large oceanic dolphins in the genus *Globicephala*, not true whales. Two living species are recognised: the long-finned pilot whale and the short-finned pilot whale. They are known for their bulbous heads, strong social bonds, deep-diving behaviour, and diet of squid and other cephalopods.

Taxonomy and naming

Pilot whales belong to the genus *Globicephala* in the dolphin family. Their common name reflects the historical belief that pods were led by a single guiding animal.

Species and distribution

The two living species are the long-finned pilot whale (*Globicephala melas*) and the short-finned pilot whale (*Globicephala macrorhynchus*). Long-finned pilot whales occur in colder waters, while short-finned pilot whales are found in warmer temperate and tropical seas.

Physical characteristics

Pilot whales have robust bodies, a rounded or bulbous forehead, and a prominent dorsal fin. Adults are typically dark grey to black, often with lighter markings on the underside or behind the dorsal fin.

Behaviour and diet

Pilot whales are social, live in close-knit groups, and are capable of long, deep dives. They hunt mainly squid and octopus, using echolocation and suction feeding. They also take some fish.

Conservation

Pilot whales are generally assessed as Least Concern, although local populations may face pressures from bycatch, hunting, and mass strandings. Population estimates vary by species and region.