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July 26, 2026Sources cited
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Police brutality

Police brutality is the excessive, unwarranted, or unlawful use of force by law enforcement against civilians.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Police brutality is the excessive, unwarranted, or unlawful use of force by law enforcement against civilians. It is widely discussed as a form of police misconduct and a human rights issue, particularly where it affects racialized and other marginalized communities. The term refers to force used by police that is excessive or not justified by the circumstances.

Definition

Police brutality is generally defined as the excessive or unwarranted use of force by law enforcement officers against individuals or groups. Some sources use a narrower definition focused on physical force, while others include broader forms of misconduct such as intimidation or false arrest.

Common forms

Reported forms include beatings, shootings, choking or asphyxiation, excessive taser use, rough takedowns, verbal abuse, racial slurs, and false arrests. Some definitions also include psychological intimidation and denial of medical care in custody.

Human rights and civil rights concerns

Police brutality is commonly described as a violation of civil rights and, in severe cases, human rights. Amnesty International states that police force must meet standards of legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination.

Public controversy and reform

The issue has prompted public protests and reform campaigns, especially in the United States. High-profile cases such as the deaths of Michael Brown, George Floyd, and Breonna Taylor have shaped debate over policing practices, accountability, and systemic racism.

Key facts

  • Police brutality involves excessive, unwarranted, or unlawful force by law enforcement.
  • It can include physical violence as well as intimidation, harassment, false arrest, and verbal abuse.
  • The issue is often framed as a civil rights and human rights concern.
  • High-profile cases have increased public attention and spurred reform campaigns.
  • Amnesty International describes unlawful police force as including beatings, racial abuse, reckless use of less-lethal weapons, unlawful killings, and torture.
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Canadian context

Canadian readers may encounter the term in discussions of policing oversight, racial justice, and Charter rights, though the provided sources focus mainly on the United States.

Frequently asked questions

What is police brutality?
It is the excessive, unwarranted, or unlawful use of force by police against civilians.
Is police brutality only physical violence?
No. Some definitions include verbal abuse, intimidation, false arrest, harassment, and other non-physical misconduct.
Why is police brutality controversial?
It raises concerns about civil rights, human rights, accountability, and discriminatory treatment, especially toward marginalized groups.
Is police brutality the same as police misconduct?
No. Police brutality is a type of police misconduct, usually involving excessive or abusive force.
What kinds of incidents are often cited in discussions of police brutality?
Examples commonly discussed include beatings, shootings, choking, taser misuse, and unlawful killings.

References

  1. EBSCOhttps://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/law/police-brutality
    Supports: Definition of police brutality; disproportionate impacts on marginalized communities; examples of high-profile cases.
  2. Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/topic/police-brutality-in-the-United-States-2064580
    Supports: Definition and examples of police brutality; broader forms including harassment and intimidation.
  3. Amnesty Internationalhttps://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/police-brutality/
    Supports: Human rights framing; unlawful force; principles of legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination.
  4. Legal Dictionaryhttps://legaldictionary.net/police-brutality/
    Supports: Examples of physical and non-physical police brutality; excessive and unnecessary force.
  5. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_brutality
    Supports: General overview and broad definition; should be treated as a tertiary source only.