Polyphemus moth

The polyphemus moth (Antheraea polyphemus) is a large North American silk moth in the family Saturniidae.

The polyphemus moth (Antheraea polyphemus) is a large North American silk moth in the family Saturniidae. It is known for the prominent eyespots on its hindwings, which inspired its common name from the Greek cyclops Polyphemus. The species is widespread across much of continental North America, including many Canadian provinces, and its adults do not feed.

Description

The polyphemus moth is a large tan-to-brown moth with feather-like antennae and two prominent eyespots on each hindwing. The eyespots are its most distinctive feature and are the basis of its common name. Adults typically have a wingspan of about 10 to 15 cm (4 to 6 in).

Distribution and habitat

The species is widespread across North America and is found in many parts of Canada and the United States. It lives in a wide variety of habitats, including deciduous forests, orchards, wetlands, and human-modified areas such as yards and gardens.

Life cycle

Like other saturniid moths, the polyphemus moth passes through egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. Adults live only a few days and do not eat, relying on energy stored during the caterpillar stage.

Ecology

The caterpillars feed on a broad range of host plants, especially deciduous trees and shrubs. The species is locally common and is sometimes noted in relation to fruit trees and orchards.