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Crime & Justice • Drug Trafficking

Raymond Boulanger

Raymond Boulanger was a Quebec pilot and convicted drug trafficker known for helping transport a large cocaine shipment from Colombia to northern Quebec in 1992.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Raymond Boulanger (1948 – 19 March 2024) was a Quebec pilot and convicted drug trafficker known for transporting a large cocaine shipment from Colombia to northern Quebec in 1992. He became widely known in Canada after the Casey cocaine landing, which was one of the largest drug seizures in the country's history. Boulanger later escaped custody at least twice and died in Montreal in March 2024.

Early life and aviation career

Raymond Boulanger was born in 1948 in Rimouski, Quebec, and worked as a pilot. Public accounts describe him as a bush pilot and later as a mercenary-linked aviator before his criminal notoriety.

1992 Casey cocaine landing

Boulanger became nationally known after landing an aircraft near Casey, Quebec, carrying roughly four tonnes of cocaine. Authorities treated the case as a landmark drug-trafficking seizure in Canada.

Imprisonment and escapes

After his conviction, Boulanger spent long periods in prison and later escaped custody at least twice according to contemporary reporting. His fugitive episodes added to his notoriety in Quebec and elsewhere in Canada.

Later life and death

Boulanger was later released after serving much of his sentence. He died in Montreal on 19 March 2024, with reports stating the death was from natural causes and linked to cancer.

Key facts

  • Quebec-born pilot involved in cocaine smuggling operations with Colombian cartels.
  • Arrested in November 1992 after landing a Convair 580 carrying about 4,000 kg of cocaine near Casey, Quebec.
  • The seizure was one of the largest drug busts in Canadian history.
  • Convicted and served nearly two decades or more in prison, with multiple escapes.
  • Died in Montreal in March 2024 at age 76.
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Canadian context

Boulanger is a notable figure in Canadian crime history because the 1992 Casey cocaine seizure was widely reported as one of the largest in the country’s history and became a landmark Quebec drug-trafficking case.

Frequently asked questions

Who was Raymond Boulanger?
He was a Quebec pilot and convicted drug trafficker best known for the 1992 Casey cocaine landing in northern Quebec.
Why was Raymond Boulanger famous?
He became widely known after authorities intercepted a plane he landed carrying about 4,000 kg of cocaine, one of Canada’s largest drug seizures.
What was his nickname?
He was commonly called "The Cowboy" and also "the pilot of Casey."
Did Raymond Boulanger escape custody?
Yes. Reporting says he escaped custody at least twice during the years after his conviction.
When did Raymond Boulanger die?
He died in Montreal on 19 March 2024 at age 76.
Was he connected to Colombian cartels?
Yes. Reporting links him to cocaine trafficking operations involving Colombian cartels, including work associated with Pablo Escobar.

References

  1. CBC Newshttps://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/the-cowboy-caught-cashing-cheque-1.315936
    Supports: Early reporting on Boulanger as a pilot, his nickname "The Cowboy," his arrest, and his escape from custody.
  2. The Globe and Mailhttps://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-brazen-drug-trafficker-raymond-boulanger-became-a-quebec-celebrity/
    Supports: Background on the 1992 Casey cocaine landing, its significance, and Boulanger's later notoriety.
  3. La Pressehttps://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/2024-03-19/le-pilote-mercenaire-raymond-boulanger-n-est-plus.php
    Supports: Death in 2024, age, place of death, and summary of his criminal history.
  4. Journal de Montréalhttps://www.journaldemontreal.com/2024/03/19/pilote-pour-les-cartels--raymond-boulanger-76-ans-retrouve-mort-dans-son-condo
    Supports: Death notice, age 76, cocaine-smuggling case, and references to his pilot career.
  5. Journal de Montréalhttps://www.journaldemontreal.com/2011/09/16/lechec-dun-vol-a-5m
    Supports: Description of the Casey seizure as a major cocaine importation attempt in Canadian history.
  6. La Pressehttps://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/justice-et-faits-divers/2023-03-09/affaire-raymond-boulanger/je-ne-retournerai-jamais-la-plutot-mourir.php
    Supports: Information on parole and long imprisonment related to the 1992 case.