Russian Navy

The Russian Navy is the naval branch of the Russian Armed Forces.

The Russian Navy is the naval branch of the Russian Armed Forces. It traces its origins to 1696 and in its current form dates to January 1992 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Its roles include maritime defence, strategic deterrence, and support for land operations.

History

The Russian Navy traces its formal origins to 1696 under Peter the Great. Its modern form was created in 1992 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the transfer of Soviet naval forces.

Organization

The navy is commonly described as including the Northern, Pacific, Black Sea, and Baltic Fleets, along with the Caspian Flotilla. It also includes Naval Aviation and Coastal Troops, such as naval infantry and coastal missile and artillery units.

Roles and doctrine

Public descriptions of the navy emphasize defence of maritime borders, strategic deterrence using submarine-based nuclear forces, and support for operations at sea and ashore. It is also tasked with protecting maritime navigation and projecting force in nearby waters.

Size and capabilities

Published figures differ by source and year, but the navy is generally described as one of the world’s largest fleets. Estimates in the results range from roughly 160,000 active personnel and 295+ warships to higher counts that include reserve, training, or auxiliary vessels.