Sand Tiger Shark

The sand tiger shark (*Carcharias taurus*) is a large coastal shark found in warm and temperate waters in many parts of the world.

The sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus) is a large coastal shark found in warm and temperate waters in many parts of the world. Despite its intimidating appearance and visible rows of teeth, it is generally described as a docile species that feeds mainly on fish, rays, squid, and crustaceans. It is listed as Vulnerable globally, with some regional populations more threatened.

Description

Sand tiger sharks are large sharks with a flattened, conical snout, a pale underside, and spots on the back. They have a brownish-grey upper body and distinct protruding teeth visible even when the mouth is closed, giving them a fierce appearance even though they are generally not aggressive.

Distribution and habitat

The species lives in warm and temperate coastal waters across much of the world, except the eastern Pacific. It is typically found on continental shelves, near shorelines, reefs, wrecks, and other bottom-associated habitats, often in shallow coastal areas but can occur at greater depths.

Diet and behaviour

Sand tiger sharks are slow-moving predators that feed mainly at night. They hunt close to the ocean floor and eat fish, rays, squid, crabs, and lobsters.

Reproduction and conservation

Females give birth to live young, usually one or two pups per reproductive cycle, resulting in a low reproductive rate compared with many other sharks. This slow reproduction, along with fishing pressure and other human impacts, contributes to the species' Vulnerable status globally, with some regional populations considered critically endangered.