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Siberian tiger

The Siberian tiger, also called the Amur tiger, is a tiger subspecies native to the cold forests of far-eastern Russia and parts of northeastern China.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The Siberian tiger, also called the Amur tiger, is a tiger subspecies native to the cold forests of far-eastern Russia and parts of northeastern China. It is generally regarded as the largest tiger subspecies and is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List.

Taxonomy

The Siberian tiger is a subspecies of the tiger, with the scientific name Panthera tigris altaica. It is also known as the Amur tiger in some sources and regions.

Distribution and habitat

Its modern range is concentrated in the cold-climate forests of far-eastern Russia, especially the Primorye and Khabarovsk territories, with a smaller presence in northeastern China.

Physical characteristics

The Siberian tiger is distinguished by its large size, thick fur, and orange coat with black stripes. It is commonly described as the largest tiger subspecies.

Conservation status

The subspecies is listed as Endangered and has been affected by habitat loss and poaching. Conservation efforts have been aimed at maintaining and recovering wild populations.

Key facts

  • The Siberian tiger is a subspecies of tiger native to the Russian Far East and northeastern China.
  • It is widely regarded as the largest tiger subspecies.
  • It has a thick fur coat and muted orange colouring with black stripes, adaptations associated with cold climates.
  • The species is listed as Endangered by the IUCN Red List.
  • The names Siberian tiger and Amur tiger are used interchangeably.
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Canadian context

Siberian tigers are of interest to Canadian readers mainly through zoo and conservation education, as they are a prominent example of endangered large cats featured in wildlife exhibits and public-awareness programs.

Frequently asked questions

What is a Siberian tiger?
A Siberian tiger is a subspecies of tiger, Panthera tigris altaica, native to the Russian Far East and northeastern China.
Is the Siberian tiger the same as the Amur tiger?
Yes. Siberian tiger and Amur tiger are common names for the same tiger subspecies.
Where do Siberian tigers live?
They live mainly in cold-climate forests of far-eastern Russia, with a smaller population in northeastern China.
How big is a Siberian tiger?
It is widely regarded as the largest tiger subspecies, with a thick coat and a very large body size compared with other tiger subspecies.
What is its conservation status?
The Siberian tiger is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List.

References

  1. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/siberian-tiger
    Supports: Common name, scientific name, mammal classification, and Endangered status.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/animal/Siberian-tiger
    Supports: Subspecies identity, native range, habitat, physical traits, and status as the largest tiger subspecies.
  3. Oregon Zoohttps://www.oregonzoo.org/animals/amur-tiger
    Supports: Amur tiger naming, range in eastern Russia and China, and endangered status.
  4. National Geographic Educationhttps://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/siberian-tigers/
    Supports: Largest cat claim and general species overview.