Sparrow

Sparrow is a common name for many small passerine birds, especially those in the family Passeridae, often associated with human settlements.

Sparrow is a common name for many small passerine birds, especially those in the family Passeridae, often associated with human settlements. The best-known species is the house sparrow (*Passer domesticus*), a highly adaptable bird found widely across the world. The term can also refer more broadly to other bird species called sparrows in different regions and classification systems.

Classification

The word sparrow is commonly used for small passerine birds, especially members of the family Passeridae, known as Old World sparrows. In some contexts, it also includes New World sparrows, which belong to a different family.

Appearance and behaviour

Sparrows are usually small, brown or greyish birds with short bills adapted for eating seeds. They are often social, move in flocks, and build nests in sheltered places near the ground or near buildings.

Distribution and habitat

Sparrows occur across much of the world, with many species native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, and others found in the Americas. Several species, especially the house sparrow, have been introduced far beyond their original range.

Diet and ecology

Sparrows are opportunistic feeders that mostly eat seeds and grains but also take insects and other plant material. They can help control some insect populations, especially during the breeding season.