Topinambour

Le topinambour est une espèce de tournesol vivace, *Helianthus tuberosus*, cultivée surtout pour ses tubercules comestibles.

Topinambour is a species of perennial sunflower, Helianthus tuberosus, cultivated primarily for its edible tubers. Native to North America, it is also known as Jerusalem artichoke, tuberous sunflower, and Canada truffle.

Botanical description

Topinambour is a herbaceous perennial plant in the Asteraceae family. It produces large yellow flowers resembling small sunflowers and edible underground tubers.

Origin and distribution

The species is native to North America, particularly Canada and the United States. It was later introduced to many temperate regions worldwide.

Uses

The tubers are eaten as a vegetable and can be prepared in various ways. The plant is also used as an ornamental and, in some contexts, as a forage or industrial crop.

Names and etymology

The French name 'topinambour' is linked to a historical confusion with the Tupinambá, an indigenous people of Brazil. The plant is also called Jerusalem artichoke in several languages.

Cultivation and ecology

Topinambour grows well in sunny, light, well-drained soils. Its vigor and propagation by tubers can make it difficult to control in some environments.