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Triceratops

Triceratops is a genus of large, four-legged, plant-eating ceratopsian dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western North America.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Triceratops is a genus of large, four-legged, plant-eating ceratopsian dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western North America. It is known for its three facial horns, large bony neck frill, and status as one of the last non-avian dinosaurs before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.

Description

Triceratops was a horned dinosaur with two long brow horns, a shorter nose horn, and a broad bony frill. It walked on four legs and had teeth adapted for chewing tough plant material.

Diet and behaviour

It was an herbivore that fed on low-growing, tough plants. Some educational sources note that the frill and horns may have been used in defence and display, though these functions are inferred from anatomy rather than directly observed.

Fossil record

Triceratops fossils are known from western North America and are among the most frequently found dinosaur fossils. Their abundance has made the genus important for studying Late Cretaceous ceratopsians.

Extinction

Triceratops lived near the end of the Cretaceous Period and disappeared in the mass extinction event 66 million years ago. It is widely described as one of the last non-avian dinosaurs.

Key facts

  • Triceratops was a large quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur.
  • Its name means "three-horned face" and refers to its three horns.
  • It lived in western North America during the Late Cretaceous.
  • Triceratops was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to evolve before the end-Cretaceous extinction.
  • Its skull included a large bony frill behind the head.
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Canadian context

Triceratops fossils are reported from North America, including Canada, and the genus is often featured in Canadian museum and education collections about dinosaurs.[7]

Frequently asked questions

What does Triceratops mean?
It means "three-horned face," referring to the dinosaur’s three facial horns.
Was Triceratops a carnivore or herbivore?
Triceratops was an herbivore that ate plants.
Where did Triceratops live?
It lived in what is now western North America during the Late Cretaceous.
How many horns did Triceratops have?
It had three horns: two above the eyes and one on the nose.
When did Triceratops go extinct?
It disappeared about 66 million years ago during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.
Why is Triceratops famous?
It is one of the best-known dinosaurs because of its large size, three horns, frill, and abundant fossils.

References

  1. Natural History Museumhttps://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/dino-directory/triceratops.html
    Supports: Ceratopsian type, Late Cretaceous age, three-horned face meaning
  2. Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/animal/Triceratops
    Supports: Genus description, herbivorous quadruped, frill and horns, final Cretaceous occurrence
  3. National Geographic Kidshttps://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/prehistoric/facts/triceratops
    Supports: Herbivore, western North America, name meaning, extinction timing
  4. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/facts/triceratops-horridus
    Supports: Herbivore status, late Cretaceous age, extinction context
  5. BBC Science Focushttps://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/triceratops
    Supports: Body size, herbivory, frill, late Cretaceous timing
  6. American Museum of Natural Historyhttps://www.amnh.org/explore/ology/ology-cards/010-triceratops-horridus
    Supports: Scientific name, North American locality including Canada, size, teeth, weight