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United States Armed Forces

The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States. They consist of six service branches: the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force and Coast Guard. Most branches are organized under the Department of Defense, with the Coast Guard under the Department of Homeland Security in peacetime.

Organization

The United States Armed Forces are divided into six service branches with distinct roles across land, sea, air, space and maritime security. Most branches fall under the Department of Defense, while the Coast Guard has a different peacetime status.

Command and civilian oversight

The president is commander in chief, and the armed forces operate under civilian political control. Congress also exercises authority through legislation and the defense budget.

Personnel and service components

The force is composed mainly of active-duty personnel, with reserve and National Guard components supporting operations and domestic missions. The military has been an all-volunteer force since 1973.

Historical development

The modern U.S. military evolved from the nation's early armed services and later expanded into separate branches for air and space operations. The Space Force is the newest branch, created in 2019.

Key facts

  • The United States Armed Forces consist of six service branches: Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force and Coast Guard.
  • Civilian control is a core principle, with the president as commander in chief and Congress shaping funding and authority.
  • The force has been all-volunteer since the end of the draft in 1973.
  • The Coast Guard normally operates under the Department of Homeland Security in peacetime.
  • The Space Force, created in 2019, is the newest branch.
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Canadian context

Canada and the United States cooperate closely through NORAD, NATO and continental defence arrangements, making the United States Armed Forces directly relevant to Canadian security policy and North American defence.

Frequently asked questions

What are the branches of the U.S. military?
The six branches are the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force and Coast Guard.
Is the Coast Guard part of the military?
Yes. It is one of the six armed services, though it normally operates under the Department of Homeland Security in peacetime.
Who controls the U.S. military?
The U.S. military is under civilian control. The president is commander in chief, and Congress influences the armed forces through law and the budget.
When did the U.S. military become all-volunteer?
The armed forces became all-volunteer in 1973 after the draft ended.
What is the newest branch of the U.S. military?
The Space Force, created in 2019, is the newest branch.

References

  1. U.S. Department of Warhttps://www.war.gov/About/our-forces/
    Supports: Lists the six armed forces and notes the National Guard reserve components' state authority role.
  2. Third Wayhttps://www.thirdway.org/memo/guide-to-the-united-states-armed-forces
    Supports: Explains that the U.S. Armed Forces have been all-volunteer since 1973 and describes service branches and departmental organization.
  3. Military.comhttps://www.military.com/join-armed-forces/us-military-branches-overview.html
    Supports: Summarizes the six branches and their broad roles.
  4. The Policy Circlehttps://www.thepolicycircle.org/briefs/armed-forces/
    Supports: Describes civilian control, the president as commander in chief, and the Pentagon as headquarters.
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/topic/The-United-States-Army
    Supports: Confirms the six branches and notes the Space Force as the newest service.