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Yellowface

Yellowface is a racist performance practice in which non-Asian performers, especially white performers, use makeup, costume, or exaggerated mannerisms to portray East Asian characters or to mimic East Asian appearance.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Yellowface is a racist performance practice in which non-Asian performers, especially white performers, use makeup, costume, or exaggerated mannerisms to portray East Asian characters. It has been used in theatre, film, and television and is widely regarded as offensive and tied to stereotypes and whitewashing.

Definition

Yellowface refers to makeup, costume, or performance choices used by non-Asian actors to appear East Asian. Dictionaries describe it as a practice used by white performers when portraying East Asian characters, and note that it is considered deeply offensive.

History and use in entertainment

Yellowface has a long history in Western theatre and film, where East Asian roles were often given to white actors. Sources describe it as a recurring practice in American film and theatre and connect it to early stage and screen conventions.

Criticism

Critics say yellowface reinforces racial stereotypes by exaggerating facial features, accents, and costume. It is commonly discussed as part of broader patterns of racism, caricature, and whitewashing in media representation.

Yellowface is often compared with blackface because both involve racial impersonation through performance. It is also linked to whitewashing, where Asian characters are written or cast in ways that exclude Asian actors.

Key facts

  • Yellowface involves non-Asian performers altering their appearance to portray East Asian people.
  • It has a history in Western theatre and film, especially in entertainment.
  • The practice relies on stereotypes rather than accurate representation of East Asian people and cultures.
  • Yellowface is commonly discussed alongside whitewashing and other exclusionary casting practices.
  • Modern usage is usually critical and describes a racist or offensive practice.
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Canadian context

Canadian readers may encounter the term in discussions of stage, film, and television representation, especially in debates about casting, Asian Canadian visibility, and anti-racism in the arts.

Frequently asked questions

What does yellowface mean?
Yellowface is the use of makeup, costume, or performance to make a non-Asian performer appear East Asian, especially in a stereotyped or mocking way.
Why is yellowface considered offensive?
It is considered offensive because it relies on racial caricature, stereotypes, and exclusion of East Asian performers from authentic roles.
Where has yellowface been used?
It has mainly appeared in theatre, film, and television, especially in Western productions involving East Asian characters.
Is yellowface still discussed today?
Yes. It is still used as a critical term in discussions of casting, representation, and racism in media.
Is yellowface the same as blackface?
They are different practices, but they are often compared because both involve racial impersonation and stereotyped performance.

References

  1. Merriam-Websterhttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yellowface
    Supports: Definition of yellowface as makeup or clothing used to mimic East Asian appearance and note that it is deeply offensive.
  2. Dictionary.comhttps://www.dictionary.com/browse/yellowface
    Supports: Definition of yellowface as facial makeup used by a white, non-Asian actor portraying an East Asian character.
  3. Cambridge Dictionaryhttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/yellowface
    Supports: Definition of yellowface as the practice of white actors changing appearance with makeup to play East Asian characters.
  4. Teen Voguehttps://www.teenvogue.com/story/yellowface-whitewashing-history
    Supports: Historical discussion of yellowface, its relation to whitewashing, and examples in film history.
  5. BBChttps://www.bbc.com/bbcthree/article/98243066-80af-4680-9d2f-1bf98b4a8613
    Supports: Explanation of yellowface as non-East Asian performers dressed to play East Asian characters, often through stereotypes.
  6. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowface
    Supports: General overview of yellowface in American film and theatre and its connection to stereotype-driven portrayals.