Abalone

Abalone are marine gastropod mollusks in the genus Haliotis, known for their flattened ear-shaped shells, rows of respiratory holes, and pearly inner layer.

Abalone are marine gastropod mollusks in the genus Haliotis, known for their flattened ear-shaped shells, rows of respiratory holes, and pearly inner layer. They are found in warm seas worldwide and are eaten in many cuisines, while their shells are used for ornament and mother-of-pearl. Some species are affected by overfishing and habitat loss, and several are protected or farmed instead of harvested from the wild.

Biology

Abalone are marine gastropods that cling to rocks and graze on algae. They have a muscular foot for attachment and a shell that grows with the animal. Their shells are flattened, ear-shaped, and perforated by a row of respiratory holes.

Shell and pearl use

Abalone shells are valued for their nacreous inner surface, which produces mother-of-pearl. The shell has also been used historically in jewelry and decorative arts. Abalone does not produce a true pearl like oysters; instead, the shell's inner nacre is prized for its iridescence.

Food use

Abalone is considered a delicacy in some cuisines and can be eaten raw or cooked. Because overharvesting has affected some wild stocks, aquaculture is an important source of commercial supply. Common recipes include sautéed abalone with butter or garlic, abalone soup, stir-fried abalone with vegetables, and sliced abalone served in Asian-style sauces.

Conservation

Several abalone species have become rare or protected due to habitat loss, disease, and harvesting pressure. Rules on wild collection vary by region and species. In Canada, abalone is relevant through seafood consumption and marine conservation on the Pacific coast, where some species have been protected because of population decline.