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British Columbia

British Columbia is a province in western Canada and the country’s westernmost province.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

British Columbia is a province in western Canada and the country's westernmost province. It borders the Pacific Ocean, Alberta, Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and the U.S. states of Washington, Idaho, and Montana. Its capital is Victoria and its largest city is Vancouver.

Geography

British Columbia covers a large area of western Canada and includes mountain ranges, a long Pacific coastline, islands, forests, and inland valleys. Maps of the province commonly show major roads, ferries, railways, parks, glaciers, and populated places.

Administrative divisions

The province is divided into regional districts and other local government areas. Reference maps of British Columbia also show federal, provincial, and territorial boundaries, land districts, and major settlements.

Major cities and regions

Vancouver is the largest urban centre and Victoria is the capital. Common regional descriptions include Vancouver Island, the Vancouver Coast & Mountains, Thompson Okanagan, Kootenay Rockies, Cariboo-Chilcotin-Coast, and Northern British Columbia.

Mapping and cartography

The Province of British Columbia provides digital mapping tools such as iMapBC. Natural Resources Canada also publishes reference maps that include provincial boundaries, roads, drainage, and selected populated places.

Key facts

  • British Columbia is Canada’s westernmost province.
  • It stretches from the Rocky Mountains in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west.
  • The province borders Alberta to the east and the U.S. states of Washington, Idaho, and Montana to the south.
  • Victoria is the provincial capital, while Vancouver is the largest city.
  • British Columbia has a diverse geography that includes mountains, coastline, forests, islands, and valleys.
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Canadian context

British Columbia is one of Canada’s ten provinces and a major part of the country’s Pacific coast, making it important for trade, transportation, tourism, and interprovincial geography.

Frequently asked questions

What is British Columbia?
British Columbia is a province in western Canada and the westernmost province in the country.
What is the capital of British Columbia?
The capital of British Columbia is Victoria.
What is the largest city in British Columbia?
Vancouver is the largest city in British Columbia.
What borders British Columbia?
British Columbia borders Alberta, Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and the U.S. states of Washington, Idaho, and Montana, as well as the Pacific Ocean.
How large is British Columbia?
British Columbia has an area of 944,735 square kilometres.
Why is British Columbia often shown on maps?
British Columbia maps are used to show its roads, ferries, railways, parks, populated places, and regional boundaries.

References

  1. Go BC Travelhttps://www.gobc.ca/map
    Supports: British Columbia is Canada’s westernmost province and its broad geographic position relative to mountains, ocean, and borders.
  2. Natural Resources Canada / Open Government Portalhttps://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/dd79e7f6-3ebd-526a-9eaf-0c01898dacad
    Supports: Reference map content for British Columbia, including boundaries, roads, ferries, railways, parks, and glaciers.
  3. Province of British Columbiahttps://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/data/geographic-data-services/web-based-mapping
    Supports: iMapBC as the provincial online mapping tool.
  4. Natural Resources Canadahttps://natural-resources.canada.ca/maps-tools-publications/maps/atlas-canada/reference-maps
    Supports: Reference map details such as capital, populated places, drainage, and roads.
  5. British Columbia.comhttps://britishcolumbia.com/plan-your-trip/maps-of-bc/british-columbia/
    Supports: Regional descriptions used in maps of British Columbia.