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Bab-el-Mandeb

Bab-el-Mandeb is a strait between the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula that connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 26, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Bab-el-Mandeb is a strait between the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula that connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. It is a major maritime chokepoint and a strategically important route for global shipping. The strait is commonly associated with Yemen, Djibouti, and Eritrea.

Geography

Bab-el-Mandeb is a strait at the southern entrance to the Red Sea. It separates the Arabian Peninsula from the Horn of Africa and provides a connection to the Gulf of Aden and the broader Indian Ocean.

Strategic importance

The strait is one of the world’s most important shipping chokepoints because vessels passing between Asia, Europe, and the Mediterranean often transit this route. Sources describe it as a sensitive passage for international navigation and energy transport.

Name and meaning

The name Bab-el-Mandeb is generally explained as meaning "Gate of Tears" or "Gate of Lamentation" in Arabic. Historical sources and later references connect the name to the dangers of navigation in the area.

Maritime features

The strait is commonly described as about 20 miles, or 32 kilometres, wide, and Perim Island divides it into eastern and western channels. Accounts differ on the exact dimensions, but all describe a narrow and strategically important waterway.

Key facts

  • Bab-el-Mandeb is a narrow strait linking the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean.
  • It lies between Arabia in the northeast and Africa in the southwest, near Yemen, Djibouti, and Eritrea.
  • The strait is widely regarded as a major global maritime chokepoint.
  • Perim Island divides the passage into two channels.
  • Its Arabic name is commonly translated as "Gate of Tears" or "Gate of Lamentation".
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Canadian context

Bab-el-Mandeb matters to Canadian readers because disruption in this chokepoint can affect global shipping, energy markets, and trade routes that influence prices and supply chains in Canada.

Frequently asked questions

Where is Bab-el-Mandeb located?
It is between the Arabian Peninsula and the Horn of Africa, linking the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden.
Why is Bab-el-Mandeb important?
It is a major maritime chokepoint on a key route between the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal.
What does the name Bab-el-Mandeb mean?
It is commonly translated as "Gate of Tears" or "Gate of Lamentation".
Which countries are associated with the strait?
It is commonly associated with Yemen, Djibouti, and Eritrea.
Is Perim Island in the strait?
Yes. Perim Island divides the strait into two channels.

References

  1. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/place/Bab-El-Mandeb-Strait
    Supports: Location, connection between the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, and geographic description.
  2. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bab-el-Mandeb
    Supports: General location, countries associated with the strait, and chokepoint description.
  3. UN ESCWAhttps://archive.unescwa.org/bab-el-mandab
    Supports: Width, division by Perim Island, and geographic details.
  4. University of Tromsø / NCLOShttps://site.uit.no/nclos/2021/06/21/maritime-security-threats-and-the-passage-regime-in-the-bab-el-mandeb/
    Supports: Strategic and navigational importance of the strait.
  5. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/bab-al-mandan-red-sea-suez-shipping-crisis-houthis-gaza
    Supports: Meaning of the name and significance for shipping through the Suez route.
  6. U.S. Energy Information Administrationhttps://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=41073
    Supports: Role as a strategic route for oil and natural gas.