California Condor

The California condor (*Gymnogyps californianus*) is a critically endangered New World vulture and the largest flying bird in North America.

The California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) is a critically endangered New World vulture and the largest flying bird in North America. It is a scavenger that feeds on carrion and has been the focus of major captive-breeding and reintroduction efforts after nearing extinction in the 20th century.

Description

The California condor is a large black bird with broad wings and distinctive white patches under the wings. It is known for soaring on thermal air currents and can travel long distances with little wing flapping.

Ecology and behaviour

California condors are scavengers that feed on carrion, including large mammals and marine carcasses. They help remove dead animals from the landscape and are often observed gliding high above open terrain.

Conservation history

The species declined sharply through the 20th century and was brought into captivity when only 22 birds remained in the wild. Intensive breeding and reintroduction efforts have since rebuilt small wild and captive populations. Lead poisoning is identified as a major ongoing threat.

Distribution

Reintroduced condors occur in parts of California, Arizona, Utah, and northern Baja California. Historical records indicate a much wider prehistoric range across North America.