Koi

Koi are ornamental varieties of domesticated common carp kept mainly in outdoor ponds and water gardens.

Koi are ornamental varieties of domesticated common carp kept mainly in outdoor ponds and water gardens. They are known for their colourful patterned bodies, long lifespan, and cultural significance in Japan and elsewhere. Koi are closely associated with the carp species complex and are bred into many distinct varieties.

Description

Koi are decorative fish belonging to the carp group. They are valued for vivid colour patterns, body shape, and scale types, and are typically kept in managed freshwater ponds.

Origin and breeding

Modern koi are generally traced to Japan, where carp with unusual colouration were selectively bred into ornamental varieties. The breeding tradition expanded from local carp stocks into a wide range of recognized forms.

Varieties and appearance

Koi occur in many varieties and colour combinations, with named forms based on pattern, scale type, and colour arrangement. Common colours include red, white, black, yellow, blue, brown, gray, and green.

Care and lifespan

Koi are omnivorous and require clean, oxygenated freshwater conditions. They are known for relatively long lives among pond fish, with many living several decades and some reaching much older ages.

Cultural significance

In Japanese culture, koi are associated with symbolic meanings such as prosperity, good fortune, love, and perseverance. They also appear in art, gardens, and public pond settings in many countries.