Maltese

The Maltese is a small companion dog breed from the central Mediterranean, historically associated with the island of Malta but also linked in sources to other Mediterranean origins.

The Maltese is a small companion dog breed originating from the central Mediterranean, historically associated with the island of Malta but also linked in some sources to other Mediterranean origins. The breed is known for its long, silky white coat and its long-standing presence in antiquity. In France, it is classified among the bichons, while internationally it is recognized as a toy or companion breed.

History

The Maltese is considered one of the oldest dog breeds, with mentions in ancient Mediterranean and Roman sources. Its exact origin is uncertain, and sources differ on whether the name refers directly to Malta or to broader Mediterranean places and histories.

Appearance

The breed is a small, fine-boned dog with a long, straight, silky white coat. Standard descriptions emphasize its compact, elegant build and toy-dog size.

Classification

In France, the breed is grouped with bichons, while internationally it is recognized as a companion breed in FCI Group 9. It is bred primarily as a companion dog rather than for working roles.

Temperament and care

French-language breed guides commonly describe the Maltese as affectionate, lively, and intelligent. Its long coat requires regular grooming to maintain its appearance and prevent tangling.