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Margaret Hamilton

Margaret Hamilton (1902–1985) was an American character actress, vaudevillian, and educator.

By Ethan Anderson| Reviewed by Olivia Bennett, Standards & Fact-Checking Lead| Updated July 27, 2026|2 min read| Fact-checked

Margaret Brainard Hamilton (1902–1985) was an American character actress, vaudevillian, and educator. She is best known for playing the Wicked Witch of the West and Almira Gulch in the 1939 film *The Wizard of Oz*.

Early life and education

Margaret Brainard Hamilton was born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1902. Sources note that she later worked as an educator as well as an entertainer.

Acting career

Hamilton worked across theater, film, radio, and television over a career spanning five decades. She became widely identified with villain roles, especially in classic Hollywood films.

The Wizard of Oz

Hamilton's performance as the Wicked Witch of the West, and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, in the 1939 MGM film *The Wizard of Oz* remains her best-known role.

Later life and public work

Beyond acting, Hamilton was noted for animal rights activism and support for public education. She died in Salisbury, Connecticut, in 1985.

Key facts

  • Hamilton had a career in entertainment that spanned about fifty years and included theater, film, radio, and television.
  • She was known for often portraying villainous characters.
  • Her most famous role was the Wicked Witch of the West, along with Almira Gulch, in *The Wizard of Oz*.
  • She was also recognized for her work as an animal rights activist and for her commitment to public education.

Frequently asked questions

Who was Margaret Hamilton?
She was an American character actress, vaudevillian, and educator best known for *The Wizard of Oz*.
What was Margaret Hamilton famous for?
She was famous for playing the Wicked Witch of the West and Almira Gulch in the 1939 film *The Wizard of Oz*.
What kind of roles did Margaret Hamilton usually play?
She often played villains in film and other entertainment media.
Did Margaret Hamilton work outside acting?
Yes. Sources also describe her as an educator and note her activism for animal rights and public education.
When was Margaret Hamilton born and when did she die?
She was born on December 9, 1902, and died on May 16, 1985.

References

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Hamilton_(actress)
    Supports: Birth and death dates; occupation; career span; best-known role; activism and education notes.
  2. IMDbhttps://www.imdb.com/name/nm0002121/bio/
    Supports: Birth name; birthplace; death place; career details; role as the Wicked Witch of the West.